Document Type : Original Articles
Authors
1
Department of Clinical Science, Veterinary Faculty, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2
Department of Clinical Science, Veterinary Faculty, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
3
Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
10.66224/ari.2026.372658.4097
Abstract
Introduction: Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis is one of the most common eye diseases of cows worldwide, and is one of the diseases of dairy farms that can lead to significant economic problems. Along with Moraxella bovis, the main cause of keratoconjunctivitis, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, and Mycoplasma species are probably the most important risk factors for keratoconjunctivitis. This study aimed to investigate the causes of keratoconjunctivitis on dairy farms in Alborz province, Iran. Material and methods: Between January 2022 and December 2022, a total of 40 animals with clinical symptoms of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (conjunctivitis and cornea, hyperemia, discharge, blepharospasm, and photophobia) were selected from 8 industrial dairy farms in Alborz province, and five swab samples were taken from each animal's eyes. For Moraxella bovis cultivation, swabs were cultured on blood agar at the farm. To detect IBR and mycoplasma, swabs were sent to the laboratory on ice for a PCR test. Results: Among 40 samples taken from cows with keratoconjunctivitis in 8 dairy farms in Alborz province, Moraxella bovis were isolated from 30% (12/40), BHV-1 virus 5% (2/40), Mycoplasma 25% (10/40), and Mycoplasma 25% (10/40) of the animals. In 40% of cases, despite clinical symptoms, no organism was isolated. Conclusion: BHV-1 virus, Moraxella bovis, and Mycoplasma play a major role in the occurrence of Keratoconjunctivitis. These findings emphasize the importance of accurate diagnostic testing to identify the pathogens involved and of implementing comprehensive management and hygiene protocols to effectively control this disease on industrial dairy farms.
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