A FIELD-ORIENTED DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO SALMONELLOSIS IN POULTRY: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, HEMATOLOGY, BACTERIAL ISOLATION, AND PATHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

Wibisono, Freshinta Jellia; Widiasih, Dyah Ayu; Nguyen-Viet, Hung; Wibisono, Freshindy Marissa; Nussa, Olan Rahayu Puji Astuti; Salem, Maria Diitri Aprilia Calista; Widya, Bagus Alif; Salsabilla, Afifah; Wahda, Shelvy Charelza; Setiawan, Dwi Rahmad; Abidin, Zaenal; Fitria, Siti Lailatul

doi:10.66224/ari.2026.371249.3981

A FIELD-ORIENTED DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO SALMONELLOSIS IN POULTRY: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, HEMATOLOGY, BACTERIAL ISOLATION, AND PATHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

¹ Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University, Surabaya, Indonesia

² Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

³ International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya

⁴ Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Pendidikan Mandalika University, Mataram, Indonesia

⁵ Department of Veterinary pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University, Surabaya, Indonesia

10.66224/ari.2026.371249.3981

Abstract

Introduction: Salmonellosis has a significant impact on poultry health, while its clinical symptoms are often nonspecific, making early detection in the field difficult. Objective: This study aims to assess clinical manifestations, hematological responses, pathological changes, and perform bacterial isolation as a basis for confirming the diagnosis of salmonellosis. Material and Methods: The sampling method used purposive sampling, based on visible clinical symptoms. 50 broiler chickens from traditional markets of Surabaya, Indonesia. Isolation on SSA and XLD media. The organ samples taken were the digestive organs (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, proventriculus) and systemic organs (liver, heart, lungs, spleen, kidneys). Results: Macroscopically, infected chicken organs showed hepatomegaly accompanied by necrotic spots, splenomegaly, pulmonary congestion, nephritis, and enteritis in several segments of the intestine. Histopathological examination revealed systemic lesions in the form of hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis, white pulp hyperplasia in the spleen, pulmonary congestion, renal tubular degeneration, and enteritis with inflammatory cell infiltration in the jejunum, ileum, and cecum. Statistical analysis using the T-test on hematological parameters showed a very significant difference, particularly marked by an extreme increase in the number of leukocytes in the infected group. Infected chickens had white blood cell counts reaching 171.25×10³/µL, much higher than healthy chickens at 23.2×10³/µL, confirming the presence of a severe systemic inflammatory response due to Salmonella infection. Conclusion: Salmonellosis in broiler chickens causes significant clinical, hematological, and organ lesion changes, with an extreme increase in leukocytes and culture-biochemical results confirming the presence of Salmonella, thus all findings consistently validate the diagnosis of salmonellosis.

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