Document Type : Original Articles
Authors
1
Postgraduate Student of Reproductive Biology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
2
Department of Veterinary Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, , Indonesia
3
Postgraduate Student of Veterinary Science, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
4
Undergraduate Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
5
2Department of Veterinary Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
6
5Departement of Surgery and Radiology Veteriner, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
10.22092/ari.2025.370381.3807
Abstract
Gentamicin, a widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic, is associated with significant nephrotoxicity and gonadotoxicity, limiting its clinical utility. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) extract, known for its rich antioxidant content, on renal histopathology and seminiferous tubule thickness in rats exposed to gentamicin-induced toxicity. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: a negative control, a positive control (gentamicin only), and three treatment groups receiving roselle extract at 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg body weight along with gentamicin. The extract was administered orally for 15 consecutive days, while gentamicin (80 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally from day 8 to 15 to induce organ damage. At the study's conclusion, kidney and testis tissues were collected for histopathological examination using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Renal damage was assessed by scoring glomerular and tubular degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration, whereas seminiferous tubule thickness was measured. The positive control group showed severe renal damage, characterized by widespread tubular necrosis, glomerular atrophy, and intense inflammation, alongside a significant reduction in seminiferous tubule thickness compared to the negative control. Conversely, rats co-treated with roselle extract demonstrated a dose-dependent amelioration of these pathological changes, showing marked improvements in kidney structure and preservation of testicular integrity. Notably, the 200 mg/kg dose exhibited the most pronounced protective effect, restoring tissue architecture to near-normal conditions. These findings suggest that roselle extract mitigates gentamicin-induced organ damage, likely through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that combat drug-induced oxidative stress. This supports its potential as a natural therapeutic agent to counteract the adverse effects of essential drugs.
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