Document Type : Original Articles
Authors
1
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran.
2
Biology Dept. Faculty of Science University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
4
College of Nursing, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq
10.22092/ari.2025.369490.3660
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is an evolving discipline aimed at the repair, replacement, or regeneration of injured tissues and organs through the integration of biomaterials, living cells, and bioactive substances. Among the various strategies, the use of acellular scaffolds derived from extracellular matrix (ECM) has shown great promise. These scaffolds, which are devoid of cellular components, retain the structural and biochemical cues necessary for supporting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Their inherent biocompatibility and bioactivity make them highly suitable for tissue regeneration applications. In the this study, we aimed to develop and evaluate a biocompatible scaffold from sheep heart tissue using a chemical decellularization process. The efficiency of decellularization and preservation of the ECM were assessed through histological staining, DNA quantification, biochemical assays, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results confirmed the effective removal of cellular material while maintaining the ECM architecture. To investigate the scaffold’s biocompatibility, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded onto the decellularized matrix. Cell viability and adhesion were evaluated using MTT assays and SEM imaging. The scaffold supported a high rate of cell viability (88%) and demonstrated favorable cell attachment. These findings highlight the potential of decellularized sheep heart tissue as a reliable, bioactive, and structurally supportive platform for stem cell integration and tissue regeneration. Given its mechanical strength, preserved ECM composition, and excellent cytocompatibility, this scaffold may serve as a promising candidate for applications in regenerative medicine and TE, particularly in cardiac and soft tissue repair. Keywords: Tissue Engineering, Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Heart Tissue, Decellularization, Cardiovascular Regeneration
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