Smallholder Cattle Farmers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Foot-And-Mouth Disease and Lumpy Skin Disease in Bali Province, Indonesia

Prasetya Wicaksana, I Gede Hendra; Kardena, I Made; Suardana, I Wayan; Komala Sari, Tri; Kade Suardana, Ida Bagus; Oka Pemayun, Tjok Gede

doi:10.22092/ari.2025.369973.3727

Smallholder Cattle Farmers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Foot-And-Mouth Disease and Lumpy Skin Disease in Bali Province, Indonesia

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

¹ Magister Student in Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, 80234

² Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia

³ Veterinary Virology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, 80234

⁴ Veterinary Reproduction Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, 80234

10.22092/ari.2025.369973.3727

Abstract

Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) and Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) are significant viral transboundary diseases that pose a substantial threat to livestock, particularly cattle. Following their recent emergence and sustained circulation across several Indonesia provinces, increasing concern over their potential spread to other provinces including Bali Province. Despite their recent introduction to the region, limited information exists regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of local farmers concerning FMD and LSD. This study aimed to assess the KAP of smallholder cattle farmers in Bali towards FMD and LSD and to identify associated demographic factors. A cross-sectional survey involving 112 smallholder cattle farmers was conducted using a structured questionnaire. KAP scores were calculated, and respondents with scores above the median were classified as having 'adequate knowledge,' 'positive attitude,' or 'proper practices.' Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with these outcomes. The results indicate that smallholder cattle farmers in Bali possess adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and proper practices concerning FMD. For LSD, farmers demonstrated positive attitudes and moderately proper practices but had inadequate knowledge. Farmer's age and education level were associated with FMD knowledge and attitudes. In contrast, the purpose of farming was an associated factor for LSD knowledge and attitudes. Gender was associated with the adoption of preventative practices for both diseases. The findings highlight a critical need for targeted educational interventions to improve farmers’ knowledge and biosecurity practices, particularly for LSD. It is recommended that governmental agencies continue and enhance awareness campaigns to strengthen disease control efforts on Bali Island.

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