Seroprevalence of bovine herpesvirus type 1 among cattle population in Iran; A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hassani, Masoud; Hemmatzadeh, Farhid

doi:10.22092/ari.2025.365100.3041

Seroprevalence of bovine herpesvirus type 1 among cattle population in Iran; A systematic review and meta-analysis

Articles in Press

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Masoud Hassani ¹
Farhid Hemmatzadeh ²

¹ D.V.M., University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

10.22092/ari.2025.365100.3041

Abstract

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is the causative agent of several clinical manifestations including Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, infectious pustular vulvovaginitis/balanoposthitis, conjunctivitis, encephalitis, abortion, infertility, mastitis, enteritis, dermatitis and the systemic form of the infection in newborn calves. Although many investigations regarding prevalence of BHV-1 infection in cattle in Iran have been conducted, until now there is the lack of comprehensive information on the BHV-1 status in Iran. We aimed to present the seroprevalence on BHV-1 in cattle population in Iran based-on a systematic review and meta-analysis study and also to give profitable outputs in formulating the infection control strategies. The meta-analysis study was conducted in national and international databases to find articles which evaluated BHV-1 seroprevalence by antibody-captured ELISA in cattle in Iran by searching terms including Bovine herpesvirus type 1, cow, cattle, bovine, Iran, epidemiology and prevalence alone or in combination in both English and Farsi language. After reviewing of 124 published documents, a total of 25 studies from 20 documents were eligible to be included in this meta-analysis study. Analysis was done using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V.3 software. The total seroprevalence of BHV-1 in apparently healthy cattle at animal and herd level based on ELISA test was 40.2% (95% CI= 32.3–48.6) and 75.5% (95% CI= 63.9–84.2), respectively. A well-defined control strategy for preventing and controlling BHV-1 infection in Iran should be based on further studies on BHV-1 epidemiology, control of animal and semen importation, using marker vaccine and planned biosecurity measures to control the epidemiological risk of infection due to the presence of BHV-1 latent carriers.

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