Permethrin Resistance in Field Populations of Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Sensu Lato (Latrielle, 1806) Collected from Dogs in eastern of Iran

Valizadeh, Abolfazl; Shirali, Salumeh; Solgi, Rahmat; Khaksar, Ehsan

doi:10.22092/ari.2025.368895.3577

Permethrin Resistance in Field Populations of Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Sensu Lato (Latrielle, 1806) Collected from Dogs in eastern of Iran

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

¹ Department of Veterinary Pathobiology , SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran ,IRAN

² Department of biotechnology, Ahv.C.,Islamic Azad University , Ahvaz,Iran

³ Infectious diseases research center, Birjand University, Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

⁴ Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Garmsar., Islamic Azad University, Garmsar- IRAN

10.22092/ari.2025.368895.3577

Abstract

Ticks play a crucial role as arthropod borne of disease-causing agents in both humans and animals. High level of acaricide resistance in ticks becomes a challenge for dog owners in Iran. In this study, the resistance status of Rhipicephalus Sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) to permethrin at various concentrations were evaluated using the Larval Packet Test (LPT) method recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The evaluation of mortality was conducted at 24 hours. The adjust of control mortality was calculated based on the formula of Abbott. The percentage survival was recorded for each multiple of the diagnostic concentration. PCR assays were conducted to investigate the mechanisms of resistance to acaricides. We used PCR to amplify segment 6 of domain III of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel protein from both pyrethroid-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant tick strains. The LPT discriminating dose bioassays conﬁrmed the pyrethroid resistance phenotype of the analyzed strains. The field cached R. sanguineus strains were evaluated for mortality with permethrin concentrations 1and 2 times the diagnostic concentrations, i.e. 0.09 and 0.19%. The mortality rate at LC99 was ranged between 38.1 to 49.1%. At discriminating dose, survival rates ranged from 48.3% to over 60.1%. Additionally, of the 40 ticks analyzed, mutations C2130T and T2134C were detected in 38 (95%) ticks. The presence of permethrin resistance in R. sanguineus s.l. populations in Iran highlights the need for alternative control strategies, and the identification of genetic mutations provides valuable information for understanding the mechanisms of resistance. This study underscores the importance of bioassay and genetic studies in understanding and controlling brown dog ticks populations.

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