Document Type : Original Articles
Authors
1
M.Sc. of Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Center, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2
Biotechnology Research Center, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
4
Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22092/ari.2025.367219.3362
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that can cause various diseases in specific conditions by secreting various toxins. Enterotoxins and toxins toxic shock syndrome toxins play a high role in pathogenesis. Enterotoxins and TSST are pyrogenic super antigens that react with the MHC II molecule. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of sea, sec, and tst genes in S. aureus isolated from clinical sources. This study was performed on 100 S. aureus isolates from hospitals in Karaj, which were finally identified by biochemical methods. Antibiotics susceptibility test was performed by the disk diffusion agar, and the multiplex PCR method was used to identify sea, sec, and tst genes. The highest resistance was observed to penicillin (92%), while the lowest resistance was observed to vancomycin (0%) and 48 (48%) isolates were identified as MDR. Although 86 (86%) isolates had at least one of the analyzed genes, only 1 (1%) isolate showed the presence of co-extensive sea, sec, and tst enterotoxin genes and 36% isolates had the sea and tst genes. Among the 86 isolates, 79% contained the sea gene, 5% contained the sec gene, and 43% had the tst gene. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between the presence of the tst gene and MDR isolates. The presence of relevant genes in clinical isolates should be considered in disease control management due to the importance of S. aureus enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome genes and their role in the development and exacerbation of staphylococcal diseases. Additionally, the high prevalence of resistant isolates limits antibiotic treatment.
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