Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Genetic Relatedness Between Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Olivier Salad and Clinical Samples

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

3 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

10.32592/ARI.2025.80.4.969

Abstract

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) strains are the most prevalent bacteria conveyed by using contaminated water and foods and are related to mild-to-severe diarrhea in humans. The present study aimed to consider the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profile, phototypes, and biofilm formation capacity of E. coli isolates retrieved from Olivier Salad and clinical samples. The current study was performed on 246 samples containing Olivier salad and stool samples collected in Tehran from March to August 2022. Microbiological and molecular diagnostic methods were used to detect DEC strains. Disk diffusion and biofilm formation methods were done to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile and biofilm formation capacity of the E. coli isolates. Overall, 16.6% (41/246) of E. coli isolates was attained from both Olivier Salad and clinical samples and the prevalence of DEC was 17% (7/41). The DEC phototypes obtained from the 41 isolates were as follows: enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC): 4.8%, and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC): 12.1%. Also, no enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enterinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and enteroaggregative E. coli (EHEC) were found. The highest rate of resistance was found for amoxicillin (100%), and amongst the DEC strains, all strains exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic. Isolates obtained from clinical samples had more biofilm formation capacity than food samples. Our finding evidenced the possibility of fecal contamination in foods of animal origin. Also, multi-drug resistances were found between DEC isolated from food that suggested animal-based foods would operate as the reservoir for multi-drug resistance bacteria. Therefore, the assessment of DEC strains obtained from food samples, as well diarrhea samples can improve food safety and prevent foodborne outbreaks.

Keywords

References

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Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 80, Issue 4
July and August 2025
Pages 969-977

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