Document Type : Original Articles
Authors
1
Department of Medical Laboratory, Kurdistan Technical Institute, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
2
PhD in Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Stattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of community Medicine, School of Medicine, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Science, Zabol, Iran
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
5
PhD Student in microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Ayatollah Amoli, Amol, Iran
10.22092/ari.2024.365294.3066
Abstract
The corona pandemic caused a large number of people to be admitted to the intensive care units of hospitals. Due to the special closed system of these parts and the lack of proper air circulation, Spire equipment is a suitable place for the accumulation of commensal bacteria and the creation of biofilm. Biofilm is actually a collection of microbes that stabilize on a surface. Bacteria in biofilm structures have relationships with each other and their behavior is different from when they are alone. The resistance of bacteria to antimicrobial agents in the biofilm state is different from the planktonic state. Many genes are involved in the formation of biofilm, these genes act in a cascade manner and the activity of one gene depends on the activity of another gene
Acinetobacter, recognized as a nosocomial pathogen, undergoes structural changes when exposed to various antibiotics, rendering it relatively resistant and posing challenges in disease treatment. This study aimed to identify two biofilm-related genes and assess the drug resistance profile of clinical strains. Clinical isolates were collected from the ICU of Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman, Iran, and phenotypically identified. Confirmation was achieved for 55 clinical Acinetobacter isolates. Antibiogram testing was conducted for meropenem, amikacin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, rifampin, and tigecycline antibiotics. Biofilm formation ability was assessed using microtiter plates and crystal violet staining, followed by spectrophotometry at OD 490 nm. PCR was employed to determine the frequency of pslA and pelB genes. Analysis revealed that the highest age group affected was 1 to 15 years (19%), while the lowest was 26 to 35 years (5%). The frequencies of pslA and pelB genes were 34.5% and 65.5%, respectively, and drug resistance ranged from 72% to 100% for the mentioned antibiotics. Given the pelB gene's approximately twofold higher frequency compared to pslA, it suggests that in most studied isolates, Psl may often be disrupted or that intracellular c-di-GMP levels have significantly increased.
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