Document Type : Original Articles
Authors
1
Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
10.22092/ari.2024.364225.2951
Abstract
Quercetin (Qu) is a type of plant flavonoid that is beneficial in fighting prostate hyperplasia cells. Meanwhile, Nigella sativa seed oil (NSO) has shown promise in relieving benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms. This study aims to assess the effects of Qu combined with NSO-based nanoemulsion (Qu-NSO) against a rat model of BPH. The study involved the induction of BPH in rats using testosterone enanthate (5 mg/kg) subcutaneously and administering different treatments, including Qu (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg), NSO, and Qu-NSO (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg), with total volume 0.5 ml per oral to assess the effects of Qu-NSO. NSO, coconut oil, Tween 80, and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) were obtained for the self-nano-emulsified drug delivery system. The globule size and zeta potential of formed vesicles were measured. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic weight and index, oxidant and antioxidant markers, and histopathology were investigated in the rat model. The average globule size for Qu-NSO was 171.9 ± 10.9 nm, with a zeta potential value of +17.3 mV. Qu-NSO declined prostate weight by 40% and prostate index by 86.71% compared to the testosterone group. Qu-NSO treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of oxidative contents (MDA) (p < 0.0001), while antioxidative substances (SOD and GPx activity) were significantly more (p < 0.0001). Qu-NSO was superior to the finasteride group in decreasing prostatic weight and antioxidative properties, such as increasing antioxidant enzyme activity. This study revealed that the Qu and NSO in a Qu NSO formula enhanced the Qu efficacy in managing BPH.
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