Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
2
Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
4
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
10.22092/ari.2023.363441.2853
Abstract
Abstract
Members of the Chlamydiaceae are obligate Gram-negative intracellular pathogens causing panoply of infectious diseases. As a zoonotic pathogen, Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) has been associated with a wide spectrum of infections in both wild and domestic animals, particularly birds. In humans, C. psittaci generates influenza-like symptoms, pneumonia, endocarditis, fever, chills, myalgia and headache. Similar to other Chlamydia species, virulence factors of C. psittaci mainly involve Type III secretory system, type IV system effectors (TARP), CopN, HctA and HctB, OmcA, OmcB, OmpA, major outer membrane protein (MOMP), PorB and Euo. In particular, C. psittaci may predispose patients to other respiratory pathogens. Direct contact and inhalation of contaminated air droplets from birds is a risk factor of infection transmission. Other risk factors are pregnancy, dense population, intensive agriculture, bird litter, and close contact with cats and dogs. Therefore, more care should be taken concerning close contact with these pet animals. Fortunately, these infections have been treated more effectively thanks to the development of novel drug delivery systems over the past decades. Considering highly contagious potential of C. psittaci and C. felis alongside wide host range and available risk factors, proper control strategies are essential to prevent their dissemination.
خلاصه
اعضای Chlamydiaceae پاتوژن های درون سلولی گرم منفی اجباری هستند که باعث ایجاد بیماری های عفونی می شوند. به عنوان یک پاتوژن مشترک بین انسان و دام، کلامیدیا پسیتاسی (C. psittaci) با طیف گسترده ای از عفونت ها در حیوانات وحشی و اهلی، به ویژه پرندگان مرتبط است. در انسان، C. psittaci علائمی شبیه آنفولانزا، ذات الریه، اندوکاردیت، تب، لرز، میالژی و سردرد ایجاد می کند. مانند سایر گونه های کلامیدیا، فاکتورهای حدت C. psittaci عمدتاً شامل سیستم ترشحی نوع III، تأثیرگذارهای سیستم نوع IV (TARP)، CopN، HctA و HctB، OmcA، OmcB، OmpA، پروتئین غشای خارجی اصلی (MOMP)، PorB و Euo است. . به طور خاص، C. psittaci ممکن
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