In Vitro Inhibition of Rotavirus multiplication by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

10.32592/ARI.2024.79.1.83

Abstract

Group A rotaviruses are the most important cause of gastroenteritis in children under five years of age worldwide. Rotavirus gastroenteritis can be associated with mild to severe diarrhea in children, and in some cases, it can lead to death due to severe dehydration. The annual death from rotavirus infection is approximately 146,480 worldwide, and most of these deaths occur in low-income countries in Africa and Asia. Since there are no specific effective drugs for the treatment of rotavirus infection, and only supportive care is available for infected patients, there is a need to develop new antiviral agents. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), have various applications in magnetic, electrical industries, and biology. The antiviral effect of nanoparticles (CuONPs) is well documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiviral effects of CuONPs on rotavirus. The cytotoxic effects of CuONPs on MA-104 cells were investigated by MTT assay. In addition, anti-rotavirus activity of CuONPs was evaluated by TCID50 and Real-Time PCR assay. Our results showed that exposure of rotavirus-infected cells to different non-toxic concentrations of CuONPs did not lead to a decrease in the virus titer compared to the control. While, the virucidal effect of CuONPs on rotavirus was observed at concentrations of 80 and 100 μg/ml (P value < 0.001). Our study indicated that CuONPs are associated with significant antiviral activity against rotavirus multiplication. While the exact mechanism of the anti-rotavirus activity of CuONPs remained unknown. But according to the virucidal test, it seems that loss of capsid integrity and genome destruction in the presence of CuONPs are possible mechanisms of its anti-rotavirus effect.

Keywords

References

References
1. Arowolo, K.O., et al., Epidemiology of enteric viruses in
children with gastroenteritis in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Journal of medical virology, 2019. 91(6): p. 1022-1029.
2. Yang, H., et al., The distinct impact of maternal antibodies
on the immunogenicity of live and recombinant rotavirus
vaccines. Vaccine, 2019. 37(30): p. 4061-4067.
3. Guarino, A., et al., European Society for Pediatric
Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition/European
Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases evidence-based
guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in
children in Europe: update 2014. Journal of pediatric
gastroenterology and nutrition, 2014. 59(1): p. 132-152.
4. Honda, M., et al., Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug
development: focus on ocular targets. International journal
of nanomedicine, 2013: p. 495-504.
5. Gwinn, M.R. and V. Vallyathan, Nanoparticles: health
effects—pros and cons. Environmental health perspectives,
2006. 114(12): p. 1818-1825.
6. Mukherjee, S. and C.R. Patra, Biologically synthesized
metal nanoparticles: recent advancement and future
perspectives in cancer theranostics. 2017, Future Science.
p. FSO203.
7. Ghosh, S. and A. Ghosh, Next-generation optical
nanotweezers for dynamic manipulation: from surface to
bulk. Langmuir, 2020. 36(21): p. 5691-5708.
8. Jain, N., et al., Removal of protein capping enhances the
antibacterial efficiency of biosynthesized silver
nanoparticles. PLoS One, 2015. 10(7): p. e0134337.
9. Akhtar, M.J., et al., Dose-dependent genotoxicity of copper
oxide nanoparticles stimulated by reactive oxygen species
in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicology and industrial
health, 2016. 32(5): p. 809-821.
10. Hang, X., et al., Antiviral activity of cuprous oxide
nanoparticles against Hepatitis C Virus in vitro. Journal of
virological methods, 2015. 222: p. 150-157.
11. Tavakoli, A. and M.S. Hashemzadeh, Inhibition of herpes
simplex virus type 1 by copper oxide nanoparticles. Journal
of virological methods, 2020. 275: p. 113688.
12. Fujimori, Y., et al., Novel antiviral characteristics of
nanosized copper (I) iodide particles showing inactivation
activity against 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2012. 78(4): p.
951-955.
13. Tortella, G., et al., Silver, copper and copper oxide
nanoparticles in the fight against human viruses: progress
and perspectives. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2022.
42(3): p. 431-449.
14. Hosseini, Z., et al., The human cathelicidin LL-37, a
defensive peptide against rotavirus infection. International
Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics, 2020. 26: p.
911-919.
15. Vimbela, G.V., et al., Antibacterial properties and
toxicity from metallic nanomaterials. International journal
of nanomedicine, 2017. 12: p. 3941.
16. Chatterjee, A.K., R. Chakraborty, and T. Basu,
Mechanism of antibacterial activity of copper
nanoparticles. Nanotechnology, 2014. 25(13): p. 135101.
17. Warnes, S.L., E.N. Summersgill, and C.W. Keevil,
Inactivation of murine norovirus on a range of copper alloy
surfaces is accompanied by loss of capsid integrity.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2015. 81(3): p.
1085-1091.
18. Warnes, S.L. and C.W. Keevil, Inactivation of norovirus
on dry copper alloy surfaces. PloS one, 2013. 8(9): p.
e75017.
Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 79, Issue 1
January and February 2024
Pages 83-91

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics