Antidiabetic Properties of the Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded Hypericum perforatum L. and Trigonella gracum Seeds in Rats

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.

3 Research Center for Non-communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.

10.32598/ARI.81.1.3298

Abstract

Introduction: This study was performed to compare the effects of metformin, Hypericum perforatum L., and Trigonella gracum seeds, both alone and combined with chitosan nanoparticles, on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats.
Materials & Methods: 96 adult male Wistar were divided into 12 groups: Control, diabetic, diabetic mellitus receiving buffer, pure chitosan nanoparticles, metformin (250 mg/kg), hydroalcoholic extracts of H. perforatum (200 mg/kg) and T. gracum seeds (100 mg/kg), and nano-extract of H. perforatum, and T. gracum seed, alone and in combination. The healthy group received extracts of both plants at a dose of 300 mg/kg. The biochemical parameters, including liver enzymes, blood glucose, rat weight, malondialdehyde (MDA), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as histopathological changes in liver tissue, were determined.
Results: The diabetic groups treated with metformin and nanoparticles containing two extracts (alone and in combination) showed significantly improved rats weight, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), MDA, and SOD levels (P≤0.05). Chitosan nanoparticles containing the combined extracts showed a more significant improvement in glucose levels than the diabetic groups treated with the extracts alone (P≤0.05). 
Conclusion: The livers of diabetic rats treated with the extract alone, and nano-extract of T. gracum seeds, and with a combination of the selected extracts (alone and in combination with nanoparticles) showed significant improvement in histopathological changes. It seems that chitosan nanoparticles containing combined extracts of H. perforatum and T. gracum seeds are good candidates for further evaluation as effective factors for the control of diabetes.

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Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 81, Issue 1
January and February 2026
Pages 127-136

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