Human Monkey Pox – Dental Implications And Public Health Emergency

Document Type : Mini Review

Authors

1 Department of Dentistry, AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences), Kalyani, West Bengal.

2 Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

3 Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Government Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

10.32592/ARI.2025.80.3.649

Abstract

A viral disease that is mostly limited to African area is monkeypox (MPX). However, it has re-emergence recently in a number of places outside of nations where disease is prevalent. Humans may acquire the virus by coming into contact with infected individual, contaminated materials or diseased animals. Fever, headache, and enlarged lymph nodes are among the symptoms, which are followed by the development of excruciating skin sores. Typically, monkeypox is a self-limiting illness that goes away on its own without medical intervention. It can, however, occasionally be dangerous, especially for those with compromised immune systems. An interprofessional team comprising physicians, nurses, virologists, dentists, veterinarians, and public health specialists that can quickly detect MPX infection in people and animals, put preventative measures in place, and start public health reporting builds a strong defense against a catastrophic outbreak. An improved patient outcome will be facilitated by the interprofessional paradigm. Infection management in dentistry may face new difficulties as a result of the monkeypox virus''s re-emerging global outbreak. Given the recent spread of MPXV in non-endemic areas where dentists are not accustomed to include this illness in the differential diagnosis, it is currently expected of all dental healthcare providers to be knowledgeable about the oral signs of MPX in order to perform an adequate oral screening and implement the necessary preventive measures for infection control in the dental practice. As the dental setup is more prone for aerosol cross infection strict infection control measures have to be followed in dental practice. In this article we have focussed the dental implications of MPX disease.
Keywords:
Monkeypox; Dental Practice; Infection control; Public Health Emergency; Non endemic outbreak;

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Ranganath N, Tosh PK, O’Horo J, Sampathkumar P, Binnicker MJ, Shah AS, editors. Monkeypox 2022: gearing up for another potential public health crisis. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; 2022: Elsevier.
  2. Tian D, Zheng T. Comparison and analysis of biological agent category lists based on biosafety and biodefense. PloS one. 2014;9(6):e101163.
  3. Doty JB, Malekani JM, Kalemba LsN, Stanley WT, Monroe BP, Nakazawa YU, et al. Assessing monkeypox virus prevalence in small mammals at the human–animal interface in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Viruses. 2017;9(10):283.
  4. von Magnus P, Andersen EK, Petersen KB, Birch Andersen A. A pox-like disease in cynomolgus monkeys. 1959.
  5. Likos AM, Sammons SA, Olson VA, Frace AM, Li Y, Olsen-Rasmussen M, et al. A tale of two clades: monkeypox viruses. Journal of General Virology. 2005;86(10):2661-72.
  6. Petersen E, Kantele A, Koopmans M, Asogun D, Yinka-Ogunleye A, Ihekweazu C, et al. Human monkeypox: epidemiologic and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and prevention. Infectious disease clinics of North America. 2019;33(4):1027.
  7. Fuller T, Thomassen HA, Mulembakani PM, Johnston SC, Lloyd-Smith JO, Kisalu NK, et al. Using remote sensing to map the risk of human monkeypox virus in the Congo Basin. EcoHealth. 2011;8:14-25.
  8. Guagliardo SAJ, Doshi RH, Reynolds MG, Dzabatou-Babeaux A, Ndakala N, Moses C, et al. Do monkeypox exposures vary by ethnicity? Comparison of Aka and Bantu suspected monkeypox cases. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2019;102(1):202.
  9. Saxena SK, Ansari S, Maurya VK, Kumar S, Jain A, Paweska JT, et al. Re‐emerging human monkeypox: a major public‐health debacle. Journal of medical virology. 2023;95(1):e27902.
  10. Samaranayake L, Anil S. The monkeypox outbreak and implications for dental practice. International dental journal. 2022;72(5):589-96.
  11. Peters SM, Hill NB, Halepas S. Oral manifestations of monkeypox: a report of 2 cases. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2022;80(11):1836.
  12. Organization WH. Clinical management and infection prevention and control for monkeypox: interim rapid response guidance, 10 June 2022. Clinical management and infection prevention and control for monkeypox: interim rapid response guidance, 10 June 20222022.
  13. Heskin J, Belfield A, Milne C, Brown N, Walters Y, Scott C, et al. Transmission of monkeypox virus through sexual contact–A novel route of infection. The Journal of infection. 2022;85(3):334.
  14. Huhn GD, Bauer AM, Yorita K, Graham MB, Sejvar J, Likos A, et al. Clinical characteristics of human monkeypox, and risk factors for severe disease. Clinical infectious diseases. 2005;41(12):1742-51.
  15. Sookaromdee P, Wiwanitkit V. Mouth sores and monkeypox: a consideration. Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2022;123(6):593.
  16. Thornhill JP, Barkati S, Walmsley S, Rockstroh J, Antinori A, Harrison LB, et al. Monkeypox virus infection in humans across 16 countries—April–June 2022. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022;387(8):679-91.
  17. Vivancos R, Anderson C, Blomquist P, Balasegaram S, Bell A, Bishop L, et al. Community transmission of monkeypox in the United Kingdom, April to May 2022. Eurosurveillance. 2022;27(22):2200422.
Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 80, Issue 3
May and June 2025
Pages 649-653

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics