Biochemical Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Lipid Peroxidation Level Associated with Liver Enzymes in Patients with Fascioliasis

Document Type : Original Articles

Author

College of Engineering, University of AL-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Qadisiyyah Province, Iraq

Abstract

Fascioliasis, which is caused by infection with Fasciola gigantica and Fasciola hepatica, is a zoonotic disease with a global distribution. This comparative study aimed to investigate antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative status of chronic fascioliasis patients. In this study, 20 patients were compared with 10 controls and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes were evaluated. The results showed that MDA, CAT, AST, and ALT levels were higher in patients than in controls, while SOD and GPX levels were higher in controls than in patients (P≤0.05). Moreover, the enzyme MDA showed a positive correlation with SOD and GPX in the infected group. The enzyme SOD had an indirect correlation with CAT and a direct correlation with GPX. The positive correlation between ALT and AST was shown to be extremely significant (P≤0.05). The significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes and an increase in serum lipid peroxidation in the red blood cells of patients with fascioliasis indicated the presence of oxidative stress, which showed inflammation and oxidative stress, the pathogenesis of which was indicative of the stage of infection.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Ibarra-Velarde F, Vera-Montenegro Y, Nájera-Fuentes R, Sánchez-Albarran A. Efficacy of combined chemotherapy against gastrointestinal nematodes and Fasciola hepatica in cattle. Vet Parasitol. 2001;99(3):199-204.
  2. Caravedo MA, Cabada MM. Human Fascioliasis: Current Epidemiological Status and Strategies for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control. Res Rep Trop Med. 2020;11:149-58.
  3. WHO. Report of the World Health Organization Informal Meeting on use of triclabendazole in fascioliasis control. WHO Headquarters, Geneva; 2006.
  4. Kamel HH, Sarhan RM, Saad GA. Biochemical assessment of oxidative status versus liver enzymes in patients with chronic fascioliasis. J Parasit Dis. 2015;39(4):628-33.
  5. Chai JY, Han ET, Guk SM, Shin EH, Sohn WM, Yong TS, et al. High prevalence of liver and intestinal fluke infections among residents of Savannakhet Province in Laos. Korean J Parasitol. 2007;45(3):213-8.
  6. Cabada MM, White AC, Jr. New developments in epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of fascioliasis. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2012;25(5):518-22.
  7. Kolodziejczyk L, Siemieniuk E, Skrzydlewska E. Antioxidant potential of rat liver in experimental infection with Fasciola hepatica. Parasitol Res. 2005;96(6):367-72.
  8. French AS, Zadoks RN, Skuce PJ, Mitchell G, Gordon-Gibbs DK, Taggart MA. Habitat and host factors associated with liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) diagnoses in wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the Scottish Highlands. Parasit Vectors. 2019;12(1):535.
  9. Fattman CL, Schaefer LM, Oury TD. Extracellular superoxide dismutase in biology and medicine. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003;35(3):236-56.
  10. Gregorevic P, Lynch GS, Williams DA. Hyperbaric oxygen modulates antioxidant enzyme activity in rat skeletal muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2001;86(1):24-7.
  11. Fujita T. Formation and removal of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxides and free radicals, and their biological effects. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2002;122(3):203-18.
  12. Assady M, Farahnak A, Golestani A, Esharghian M. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Enzyme Activity Assay in Fasciola spp. Parasites and Liver Tissue Extract. Iran J Parasitol. 2011;6(4):17-22.
  13. Stuart RB, Zwaanswijk S, MacKintosh ND, Witikornkul B, Brophy PM, Morphew RM. The soluble glutathione transferase superfamily: role of Mu class in triclabendazole sulphoxide challenge in Fasciola hepatica. Parasitol Res. 2021;120(3):979-91.
  14. Alvarez L, Moreno G, Moreno L, Ceballos L, Shaw L, Fairweather I, et al. Comparative assessment of albendazole and triclabendazole ovicidal activity on Fasciola hepatica eggs. Vet Parasitol. 2009;164(2-4):211-6.
  15. Khadiga, Ati A, Mohammed S, Mohamed A. Response of broiler chicks to dietary monosodium glutamate. Pak Vet J. 2009;29.
  16. Lopaczynski W, Zeisel SH. Antioxidants, programmed cell death, and cancer. Nutr Res. 2001;21(1):295-307.
  17. Bae YA, Kim JG, Kong Y. Phylogenetic characterization of Clonorchis sinensis proteins homologous to the sigma-class glutathione transferase and their differential expression profiles. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2016;206(1-2):46-55.
  18. Francisco Jde AO, Rubens C. Oxidative stress of liver in hamsters infected with Leishmania (L.) chagasi. J Parasitol. 2000;86(5):1067-72.
  19. Brophy PM, MacKintosh N, Morphew RM. Anthelmintic metabolism in parasitic helminths: proteomic insights. Parasitology. 2012;139(9):1205-17.
  20. Chemale G, Morphew R, Moxon JV, Morassuti AL, Lacourse EJ, Barrett J, et al. Proteomic analysis of glutathione transferases from the liver fluke parasite, Fasciola hepatica. Proteomics. 2006;6(23):6263-73.
  21. Kurutas EB. The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state. Nutr J. 2016;15(1):71.
  22. Aslan M, Kosecik M, Horoz M, Selek S, Celik H, Erel O. Assessment of paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Atherosclerosis. 2007;191(2):397-402.
  23. Karsen H, Sunnetcioglu M, Ceylan RM, Bayraktar M, Taskin A, Aksoy N, et al. Evaluation of oxidative status in patients with Fasciola hepatica infection. Afr Health Sci. 2011;11 (1):S14-8.
  24. Simsek S, Yuce A, Ütük A. Determination of serum malondialdehyde levels in sheep naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum. Firat Univ Saglik Bil Dergisi. 2006;20:217-20.
  1. Finzi JK, Chiavegatto CW, Corat KF, Lopez JA, Cabrera OG, Mielniczki-Pereira AA, et al. Trypanosoma cruzi response to the oxidative stress generated by hydrogen peroxide. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2004;133(1):37-43.
  2. Kaya S, Sutcu R, Cetin ES, Aridogan BC, Delibas N, Demirci M. Lipid peroxidation level and antioxidant enzyme activities in the blood of patients with acute and chronic fascioliasis. Int J Infect Dis. 2007;11(3):251-5.
  3. El-Badry AA-M. Serum Malondialdehyde Levels as a Biomarker of Cellular Injury In Human Fascioliasis. J Taibah Univ Medical Sci. 2006;1(1):57-64.
Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 77, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
May and June 2022
Pages 1067-1073

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics