Isolation, Characterization, and Efficacy of Three Lytic Phages Infecting Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Serovars from Poultry Farms in Egypt

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh PO Box 13736, Egypt

2 Department of Microbiology and Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt

3 Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh PO Box 13736, Egypt

4 Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serovars are considered a significant threat to veterinary and public health. Developing new antimicrobial compounds that can treat the infection caused by these notorious pathogens is a big challenge. Bacteriophages can be adsorbed on and inhibit the growth of bacteria, providing optimal and promising alternatives to chemical antimicrobial compounds against foodborne pathogens due to their abundance in nature and high host specificity. The objective of the current study was to isolate and characterize new phages from poultry farms and sewage and to evaluate their efficacy against S. Enteritidis isolates. The study reports three lytic phages designated as ϕSET1, ϕSET2, and ϕSET3 isolated from poultry carcasses and sewage samples in Qalubiya governorate Egypt. The effectiveness of phages was evaluated against multidrug-resistant S. Enteritidis strains. Electron microscopy showed that these phages belong to the Siphoviridae family. Phages were tested against 13 bacterial strains to determine their host range. They could infect four S. Enteritidis and one S. Typhimurium; however, they did not infect other tested bacterial species, indicating their narrow infectivity. The bacteriophage's single-step growth curves revealed a latent period of 20 min for ϕSET1 and 30 min for ϕSET2 and ϕSET3. The isolated Salmonella phages prevented the growth of S. Enteritidis for up to 18 hrs. The findings revealed that Salmonella phages could be used as alternative natural antibacterial compounds to combat infection with MDR S. Enteritidis in the poultry industry and represent a step forward to using large panels of phages for eliminating Salmonella from the food chain.

Keywords

Article Title [French]

Isolement, Caractérisation et Efficacité de Trois Phages Lytiques Infectant des Sérovars de Salmonella Multirésistants Provenant d'Elevages Avicoles en Égypte

Abstract [French]

Les sérovars de Salmonella multirésistants (MDR) sont considérés comme une menace importante pour la santé vétérinaire et publique. Le développement de nouveaux composés antimicrobiens capables de traiter l'infection causée par ces agents pathogènes notoires est un grand défi. Les bactériophages peuvent être adsorbés et inhiber la croissance des bactéries, offrant des alternatives optimales et prometteuses aux composés antimicrobiens chimiques contre les agents pathogènes d'origine alimentaire en raison de leur abondance dans la nature et de leur spécificité élevée pour l'hôte. L'objectif de la présente étude était d'isoler et de caractériser de nouveaux phages provenant de fermes avicoles et d'eaux usées et d'évaluer leur efficacité contre les isolats de S. Enteritidis. L'étude rapporte trois phages lytiques désignés comme ϕSET1, ϕSET2 et ϕSET3 isolés de carcasses de volaille et d'échantillons d'eaux usées dans le gouvernorat de Qalubiya en Égypte. L'efficacité des phages a été évaluée contre des souches multirésistantes de S. Enteritidis. La microscopie électronique a montré que ces phages appartiennent à la famille des Siphoviridae. Les phages ont été testés contre 13 souches bactériennes pour déterminer leur gamme d'hôtes. Ils pourraient infecter quatre S. Enteritidis et un S. Typhimurium; cependant, ils n'ont pas infecté d'autres espèces bactériennes testées, ce qui indique leur infectivité étroite. Les courbes de croissance en une étape du bactériophage ont révélé une période de latence de 20 min pour SET1 et de 30 min pour ϕSET2 et ϕSET3. Les phages de Salmonella isolés ont empêché la croissance de S. Enteritidis jusqu'à 18 heures. Les résultats ont révélé que les phages de Salmonella pourraient être utilisés comme composés antibactériens naturels alternatifs pour lutter contre l'infection par MDR S. Enteritidis dans l'industrie avicole et représentent un pas en avant vers l'utilisation de grands panels de phages pour éliminer Salmonella de la chaîne alimentaire.

Keywords [French]

  • S. enteritidis
  • Bactériophage
  • Siphoviridae
  • Volaille

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Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 76, Issue 3
September 2021
Pages 507-519

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