Clinical, hematologic, and biochemical findings in cattle infected with lumpy skin disease during an outbreak in southwest Iran

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

3 second author

4 DVM graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

This study was performed to determine the clinical, hematologic, and biochemical findings in animals affected with lumpy skin disease (LSD) in southwest Iran. Sixty cattle with LSD were included in this study and compared with 20 healthy ones as the control group. The disease was diagnosed based on clinical examination and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of the blood samples. The major observed clinical signs included skin nodules, fever, enlarged lymph nodes, and edema. In hematologic assessment, the average numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, erythrocytes, and platelets, as well as the average level of hemoglobin in the infected animals were significantly lower than in the control group. Biochemical experiments showed that the serum glucose, total and direct bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine phosphokinase activities in the infected group were significantly elevated. LSD also caused a significant reduction in the levels of serum creatinine, albumin, and iron. In total, LSD was associated with an overall decline in different blood cell types and significant changes in serum biochemical profile. These alterations could be related to the inflammatory disease processes and injuries in various organs, especially the liver. Hematologic and biochemical profiles can be utilized to better understand different aspects of LSD pathogenesis and ultimately improve its prognostic, management, and treatment methods.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [French]

Analyse des résultats cliniques, hématologiques et biochimiques chez les bovins d’élevage atteints de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse lors d'une épidémie dans le sud-ouest de l'Iran

Abstract [French]

Cette étude a été réalisée dans l’objectif d’étudier les signes cliniques, les résultats hématologiques et biochimiques chez les bovins d’élevage atteints de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse lors d'une épidémie dans le sud-ouest de l'Iran. Un total de 60 bovins soufrantde dermatose nodulaire contagieuse ont été envoyés à l'hôpital vétérinaire de l'université Shahid Chamran d'Ahvaz alors que20 bovins en bonne santé constituaient le groupe témoin. Le diagnostic de la maladie a été effectué sur la base d'examens cliniques,suivi par la confirmation du diagnostic parPCR sur les 'échantillons sanguins. Parmi les symptômes cliniques observés chez les bovins malades, on peut citer notamment les nodules de la peau, la fièvre, les ganglions lymphatiques et l'œdème. Lors des analyses hématologiques , le nombre moyen de leucocytes, de lymphocytes, d'éosinophiles, d'érythrocytes, d'hémoglobine et de plaquettes chez les animaux infectés était significativement plus faible que le groupe témoin. Les tests biochimiques, ont révélé que les taux de glucose, de bilirubine totale et directe. De plus, le niveau d'activité des enzymes AST et Cpk dans le groupe infecté état significativement plus élevécomparé augroupe sain. Une diminution significative du taux de créatinine, d’'albumine et de fer a été également observée chez les bovins atteints de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse. Dans l'ensemble, l’incidence de la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse chez les bovins était associée à une diminution du nombre total de cellules dans les différents groupes sanguins (Pancytopénie) et à des changements significatifs dans les profils biochimiques du sérum. Ces changements peuvent être liés au processus inflammatoire de la maladie et aux dommages systémiques créés dans divers organes, tel que le foie. L'analyse du profil sanguin et biochimique du lymphœdème provenant des animaux atteints de dermatose nodulaire contagieuse s’est avérée utile dans l’identificationdes différents aspects de la pathogenèse de la maladie et finalement pour évaluer le pronostic et améliorer les méthodes de contrôle et de traitement.

Keywords [French]

  • dermatose nodulaire contagieuse
  • signes cliniques
  • hématologie
  • biochimie
  • Iran

References

Abutarbush, S., Hananeh, W., Ramadan, W., Al Sheyab, O., Alnajjar, A., Al Zoubi, I., et al., 2016. Adverse reactions to field vaccination against lumpy skin disease in Jordan. Transbound Emerg Dis 63.
Abutarbush, S.M., 2015. Hematological and serum biochemical findings in clinical cases of cattle naturally infected with lumpy skin disease. J Infect Dev Ctries 9, 283-288.
Agag, B., Mousa, S., Hassan, H., Saber, M., El-Deghidy, N.S., El-Aziz, A.M.A., 1992. Clinical, serological and biochemical studies on lumpy skin disease. J APPL ANIM RES 1, 13-23.
Ahmed, W., Zaher, K.S., 2008. Observations on lumpy skin disease in local Egyptian cows with emphasis on its impact on ovarian function. Afr J Microbiol Res 2, 252-257.
Body, M., Singh, K.P., Hussain, M.H., Al-Rawahi, A., Al-Maawali, M., Al-Lamki, K., et al., 2012. Clinico-histopathological findings and PCR based diagnosis of lumpy skin disease in the Sultanate of Oman. Pak. Vet. J 32, 206-210.
Coetzer, J., 2004. Lumpy skin disease. Infectious diseases of livestock 2, 1268-1276.
Coetzer, J., Tustin, R., 2004. Infectious diseases of livestock. Volume Three, Oxford University Press.
Drakesmith, H., Prentice, A., 2008. Viral infection and iron metabolism. Nat Rev Microbiol 6, 541-552.
El-Neweshy, M., El-Shemey, T., Youssef, S., 2013. Pathologic and immunohistochemical findings of natural lumpy skin disease in Egyptian cattle. Pak Vet J 33, 60-64.
Hassan, H., El-Kirdasy, A., Ali, M., 2011. Immunobiochemical profile in cattle infected with lumpy skin disease. J. Basic Appl. Chem 1, 21-25.
Latimer, K.S., 2011. Duncan and Prasse's veterinary laboratory medicine: clinical pathol, John Wiley & Sons.
Maclachlan, N.J., Dubovi, E.J., 2010. Fenner's veterinary virology, Academic press.
Morceau, F., Dicato, M., Diederich, M., 2009. Pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated anemia: regarding molecular mechanisms of erythropoiesis. Mediators Inflamm 2009.
Osuagwuh, U.I., Bagla, V., Venter, E.H., Annandale, C.H., Irons, P.C., 2007. Absence of lumpy skin disease virus in semen of vaccinated bulls following vaccination and subsequent experimental infection. Vaccine 25, 2238-2243.
Prozesky, L., Barnard, B., 1982. A study of the pathology of lumpy skin disease in cattle. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 49, 167-175.
Salib, F.A., Osman, A.H., 2011. Incidence of lumpy skin disease among Egyptian cattle in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Vet World 4.
Tageldin, M.H., Wallace, D.B., Gerdes, G.H., Putterill, J.F., Greyling, R.R., Phosiwa, M.N., et al., 2014. Lumpy skin disease of cattle: an emerging problem in the Sultanate of Oman. Trop Anim Health Prod 46, 241-246.
Tuppurainen, E., Oura, C.A., 2012. lumpy skin disease: an emerging threat to Europe, the Middle East and Asia.Transbound Emerg Dis 59, 40-48.
Woods, J., 1988. Lumpy skin disease—a review. Trop Anim Health Prod 20, 11-17.
Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 72, Issue 4
November and December 2017
Pages 255-265

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics