Effects of experimental Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion envenomation on chicken

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran

2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran

3 Razi Reference Laboratory of Scorpion Research, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran

4 Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, histopathological and hematological effects of Mesobuthus eupeus venom on chicken organs. Adult chickens were subcutaneously injected with five doses of M. eupeus venom (0.5, 2, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg; four chickens per each dose). Symptoms were recorded during the experiment and blood samples were collected for hematological analysis. Moreover, a complete necropsy was performed. After macroscopic examination, tissue samples were obtained from the liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, intestines and brain of the chickens three days after venom administration. In intravenous injection, lethal dose of the venom was determined at 15 mg/kg. The first clinical, pathological and hematological symptoms in envenomated chickens were observed at M. eupeus doses of 2, 5 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. Hematological examination revealed a reduction in lymphocyte count following experimental envenomation, which returned to the pre-experiment level in almost all the cases. On the other hand, heterophil count was found to increase during the experimental period. In addition, erythrocyte count and hematocrit level were stable at all the intervals. Pathological examination was indicative of severe pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary and cerebral edema, tubular necrosis of the kidneys, hemorrhage in kidneys and heart, hyaline thrombus and congestion of the liver. According to the results of this study, poultry are resistant to the toxic effects of M. eupeus venom.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [French]

Les effets d’une envenimation expérimentale au scorpion Mesobuthuseupeus chez le poulet

Abstract [French]

Cette étude avait pour but d’évaluer les effets cliniques, histopathologiques et hématologiques du venin de Mesobuthus eupeus sur les organes du poulet.Cinq doses de venin de M. eupeus (0,5, 2, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) ont été injectées par voie sous-cutanée aux poulets (chaque dose injectée à un groupe de 4 poulets). Les symptômes ont été enregistrés au cours de chaque expérience et des prélèvements sanguins ont été soumis à des analyses hématologiques. De plus, une nécropsie complète a été menée. Après examen macroscopique, des prélèvements du foie, des reins, du cœur, des poumons, des intestins et cerveau ont été effectués trois jours après l’administration du venin. La dose létale de venin par injection intraveineuse a été déterminée à 15 mg/kg. Les premiers symptômes cliniques, pathologiques et hématologiques d’envenimation au M. eupeus ont été respectivement observés à des doses de venins de 2, 5 et 0,5 mg/kg. Les examens histopathologiques ont révélés une réduction des lymphocytes juste après l’envenimation avec un retour aux taux pré-expérimentaux dans presque tous les cas analysés. D’une autre part, une augmentation dans la numération d’hétérophile a été observée alors que les taux d’érythrocytes et d’hématocrites restaient stables aux différents intervalles analysés. L’examen pathologique indiquait de sévères hémorragies pulmonaires, des œdèmes pulmonaires et cérébraux, une nécrose tubulaire des reins, des hémorragies rénales et cardiaques, des thromboses hyalines et une congestion du foie. Selon nos résultats, les volailles montrent une résistance aux effets toxiques du venin de M. eupeus.

Keywords [French]

  • Mesobuthus eupeus
  • Venin
  • Poulet
  • Pathologie
  • hématologie

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Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 72, Issue 1
March and April 2017
Pages 23-31

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