Effect of Bacillus subtilis as a Probiotic on the Productive and Physiological Performance of Broilers

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Electron Microscope Unit, Pharmacy College, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq

2 Department of Veterinary Public Health, Veterinary Medicine College, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq

3 Department of Food Sciences, Agriculture College, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq

4 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Medicine College, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq

Abstract

Broiler chickens are reared in relatively dense colonies or flocks under intensive production environments to reach opportunities for financial efficiency. A plethora of variables, including overcrowding, immunization, and transportation, can cause serious stress. This study aimed to determine changes in the productive and physiological performance of broiler chickens (Rose 308) after adding different concentrations of the probiotic liquid Bacillus subtitles (B. subtitles)  to their diet. A total of 120 birds of the hatching age (Ross 308) were divided into four groups, each of which had three replicates. Each repetition included 10 birds the experiment lasted for five weeks after it commenced. The implementation of the diets was as follows: the control group received a regular diet without probiotic, and the probiotic-treated groups were supplemented with different concentrations of B. subtilis BSW equal to 1×104, 1×106, and 1×108 CFU/gm diet. At the end of the trial, the results indicated a significant improvement in both the live body weight and the efficiency of feed conversion when adding different levels of probiotics to the broilers diet. Furthermore, the findings showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the total serum protein, serum albumin, and serum globulin for the treated groups, compared to the control group at the age of five weeks. It is concluded that the dietary supplementation of B. subtilis BSW to the diet of broilers significantly improved their growth performance, in comparison with the control group. Instead, the treated groups exhibited a substantial increase in the total serum protein, serum albumin, and serum globulin, as compared to the control group. These findings suggest that B. subtilis BSW strain possesses probiotic properties, making it a suitable supplement for the poultry diet.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Alpigiani I, Abrahantes JC, Michel V, Huneau-Salaun A, Chemaly M, Keeling LJ, et al. Associations between animal welfare indicators and Campylobacter spp. in broiler chickens under commercial settings: A case study. Prev Vet Med. 2017;147:186-93.
  2. Panda AK, Rao SVR, Raju MV, Sharma SR. Dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus sporogenes on performance and serum biochemico-lipid profile of broiler chickens. Poult Sci J. 2006;43(3):235-40.
  3. Raidal S. Poultry Health and Management. 2000;78(12):830-.
  4. Steiner T. Managing Gut Health: Natural Growth Promoters as a Key to Animal Performance: Nottingham University Press; 2006.
  5. Rajput IR, Li LY, Xin X, Wu BB, Juan ZL, Cui ZW, et al. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 on intestinal ultrastructure modulation and mucosal immunity development mechanism in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2013;92(4):956-65.
  6. Gong L, Wang B, Mei X, Xu H, Qin Y, Li W, et al. Effects of three probiotic Bacillus on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidative capacity, serum immunity, and biochemical parameters in broilers. Anim Sci J. 2018;89(11):1561-71.
  1. Kurtoglu V, Kurtoglu F, Seker E, Coskun B, Balevi T, Polat ES. Effect of probiotic supplementation on laying hen diets on yield performance and serum and egg yolk cholesterol. Food Addit Contam. 2004;21(9):817-23.
  2. Jin LZ, Ho YW, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S. Growth performance, intestinal microbial populations, and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures. Poult Sci. 1998;77(9):1259-65.
  3. Nurmi E, Rantala M. New aspects of Salmonella infection in broiler production. Nature. 1973;241(5386):210-1.
  4. Tannock GW. Molecular assessment of intestinal microflora. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(2):410-4.
  5. Lee J, Park I, Choi Y, Cho J. Bacillus strains as feed additives: In vitro evaluation of its potential probiotic properties. Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu. 2012;25(4):577-85.
  6. Vasquez AJ. Bacillus species are superior probiotic feed-additives for poultry. J Bacteriol Mycol Open Access. 2016;2(3):00023.
  7. Krysiak K, Konkol D, Korczynski M. Overview of the Use of Probiotics in Poultry Production. Animals (Basel). 2021;11(6).
  8. Li L, Xu CL, Ji C, Ma Q, Hao K, Jin ZY, et al. Effects of a dried Bacillus subtilis culture on egg quality. Poult Sci. 2006;85(2):364-8.
  9. Santoso U, Tanaka K, Ohtani S. Effect of dried Bacillus subtilis culture on growth, body composition and hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity in female broiler chicks. Br J Nutr. 1995;74(4):523-9.
  10. Al-Fayyad HA, Nagy SA. Poultry products technology. 1 ed. Baghdad, Iraq: Directorate of Higher Education Press; 1989.
  11. Izzuddiyn M, Busono W, Sjofjan O, Development S. Effects of Liquid Probiotics (Lactobacillus sp.) on Microflora Balance, Enzyme Activity, Number and Surface Area of the Intestinal Villi of Broiler. Indonesia J Environ Sustain Dev.2018;9(2).
  12. Al-Baadani H, Abudabos A, Al-Mufarrej S, Alzawqari M. Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on intestinal histological changes in challenged broiler chickens. S Afr J Anim Sci. 2016;46(2):157-65.
  13. Awad WA, Ghareeb K, Abdel-Raheem S, Bohm J. Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic and synbiotic on growth performance, organ weights, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2009;88(1):49-56.
  14. Li Y-b, Xu Q-q, Yang C-j, Yang X, Lv L, Yin C-h, et al. Effects of probiotics on the growth performance and intestinal micro flora of broiler chickens. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2014;27.
  15. Line JE, Bailey JS, Cox NA, Stern NJ, Tompkins T. Effect of yeast-supplemented feed on Salmonella and Campylobacter populations in broilers. Poult Sci. 1998;77(3):405-10.
  16. Santin E, Maiorka A, Macari M, Grecco M, Sanchez J, Okada T, et al. Performance and intestinal mucosa development of broiler chickens fed diets containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall. J Appl Poult Res. 2001;10(3):236-44.
  17. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology. 11 ed: Elseveir; 2006.
  1. Li XJ, Piao XS, Kim SW, Liu P, Wang L, Shen YB, et al. Effects of chito-oligosaccharide supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum composition in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2007;86(6):1107-14.
  2. Al-Saad LA, Al-Badran AI, Al-Jumayli SA, Magan N, Rodriguez A. Impact of bacterial biocontrol agents on aflatoxin biosynthetic genes, aflD and aflR expression, and phenotypic aflatoxin B(1) production by Aspergillus flavus under different environmental and nutritional regimes. Int J Food Microbiol. 2016;217:123-9.
  3. Fouad AM, Ruan D, El-Senousey HK, Chen W, Jiang S, Zheng C. Harmful Effects and Control Strategies of Aflatoxin B(1) Produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus Strains on Poultry: Review. Toxins (Basel). 2019;11(3).
Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 77, Issue 5 - Serial Number 5
September and October 2022
Pages 1647-1653

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics