Seroprevalence Investigation of Newcastle Disease in Rural Poultries of the Northern Provinces (Golestan, Gilan, and Mazandaran) of Iran

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of poultry Research and Diagnosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Rural poultry farming is common in the Northern provinces. Similar to commercial poultry, rural poultry is susceptible to most infectious diseases. In addition, by increasing the density of poultry farming, the probability of disease incidences has been increased. Newcastle disease is the most highly infectious disease which is endemic in Iran and causes outbreaks among commercial and rural poultry every year. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and virus circulation of Newcastle disease among rural poultry in Northern provinces of Iran. In the current study, 70 villages in 3 provinces (20, 30, and 20 villages in Mazandaran, Golestan, and Gilan, respectively) and a total of 1,374 birds (600, 400, and 374 birds in Mazandaran, Golestan, and Gilan, respectively) were sampled. Each village was regarded as an epidemiological unit. In the present study, birds of 67 (96%) villages were positive (presence of antibodies against Newcastle disease virus), including 28 (93.3%), 19 (95%), and 20 (100%) villages in Golestan, Mazandaran, and Gilan, respectively. Moreover, out of 1,374 birds, 616 (45%) of them were seropositive against Newcastle disease virus with 242 (41%), 159 (39.8%), and 211 (56%) samples in Mazandaran, Golestan, and Gilan, respectively. According to the results of the current study, the seroprevalence rate was reported to be high in both villages and birds. Such a high seroprevalence rate was indicative of the continuous exposure of the rural poultry to Newcastle virus and high virus circulation rate in the mentioned provinces which could result in the dissemination of the disease to commercial farms. Consequently, the implementation of proper control and care programs (e.g., vaccination of native poultry) can facilitate the reduction of Newcastle disease prevalence.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [French]

Une enquête sur la Séroprévalence de la Maladie de Newcastle chez des Volailles Rurales dans les Provinces du Nord de l’Iran (Golestân, Gīlān et Māzandarān)

Abstract [French]

L’aviculture rurale est courante dans les provinces du nord. Semblable à la volaille commerciale, la volaille rurale est sensible à la plupart des maladies infectieuses. De plus, en augmentant la densité de l'élevage de volaille, la probabilité de l’apparition de maladies est augmentée. Le Newcastle est l’une des maladies les plus hautement infectieuses et fortement endémique en Iran provoquant chaque année des épidémies chez les volailles commerciales et rurales. Cette étude visait à étudier la prévalence et la circulation du virus de la maladie de Newcastle chez les volailles rurales dans les provinces du nord de l'Iran. A cet effet, 70 villages répartis sur les 3 provinces (20, 30 et 20 villages de Māzandarān, Golestân et Gīlān, respectivement) et un total de 1,374 oiseaux (600, 400 et 374 oiseaux à Māzandarān, Golestân et Gīlān, respectivement) ont été échantillonnés. Chaque village était considéré comme une unité épidémiologique. Dans la présente étude, les oiseaux de 67 (96%) villages étaient positifs (présence d’anticorps dirigés contre le virus de la maladie de Newcastle), dont 28 (93,3%), 19 (95%) et 20 (100%) des villages de Golestân, de Māzandarān et de Gīlān, respectivement. De plus, sur 1,374 oiseaux, 616 (45%) d’entre eux étaient séropositifs pour le virus de la maladie de Newcastle avec 242 (41%), 159 (39,8%) et 211 (56.4%) échantillons à Māzandarān, Golestân et Gīlān, respectivement. Selon les résultats de notre étude, le taux de séroprévalence était élevé chez les oiseaux des différents villages étudiés. Un taux de séroprévalence aussi élevé est révélateur de l'exposition continue de la volaille rurale au virus de Newcastle et du taux élevé de circulation du virus dans les provinces susmentionnées, ce qui pourrait entraîner la dissémination de la maladie dans les fermes commerciales. Par conséquent, la mise en œuvre de programmes de contrôle et de soins appropriés (par exemple, la vaccination des volailles indigènes) pourrait faciliter la réduction de la prévalence de la maladie de Newcastle.

Keywords [French]

  • Séroprévalence
  • Maladie de newcastle
  • Volaille
  • Provinces du nord
  • HI

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Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 74, Issue 4
December 2019
Pages 365-373

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