Molecular Identification of Six Honeybee Viruses in Iranian Apiaries

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

Department of Honeybee, silk worm and wildlife disease, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

Abstract

The identification of honeybee viruses is of serious importance, particularly considering the lack of information on the natural incidence of viral infections in honeybee populations worldwide. Moreover, the global spread of Varroa destructor in honeybee colonies has a significant effect on the viral infection. In the present study, 160 samples of adult bee from apparently healthy colonies but with a background of parasitic diseases, tremor, and paralysis, were collected during 2011-2012. The samples belonged to 23 different provinces of Iran. They were sent to Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran, for further analysis, and examined for the presence of viruses using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. According to the results, out of 160 samples, 9 (5.8 %), 40 (25.6 %), 12 (7.8 %), 34 (21.8 %), 7 (4.5 %), and 29 (18.5%) cases were positive for acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), deformed wing virus (DWV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and sacbrood virus (SBV). The samples collected from 18 provinces (78 %) were positive for at least one virus. Among all samples, 83 (53.2 %) specimens were infected with at least one virus. The highest prevalent virus was BQCV, followed by DWV, SBV, CBPV, ABPV, and KBV, respectively.

Keywords

Article Title [French]

Identification moléculaire de six virus d'abeilles domestiques dans les ruchers iraniens

Abstract [French]

L'identification des virus d'abeilles est d'une importance capitale, compte tenu en particulier du manque d'informations sur l'incidence naturelle des infections virales chez les populations d'abeilles du monde entier. De plus, la propagation mondiale de Varroa destructor dans les colonies d'abeilles a un effet significatif sur l'infection virale. Dans la présente étude, 160 échantillons d'abeilles adultes de colonies apparemment en bonne santé, mais présentant des antécédents de maladies parasitaires, de tremblements et de paralysie, ont été collectés au cours de la période 2011-2012. Les échantillons appartenaient à 23 provinces différentes de l'Iran. Ils ont été envoyés à l’Institut de recherche sur le sérum et les vaccins de Razi, à Karaj, en Iran, pour une analyse plus approfondie, et examinés pour rechercher la présence de virus utilisant l'essai de la transcription inverse de la réaction en chaîne par polymérase. Selon les résultats, sur 160 échantillons, 9 (5,8%), 40 (25,6%), 12 (7,8%), 34 (21,8%), 7 (4,5%) et 29 (18,5%) cas étaient positifs pour le virus de la paralysie aiguë de l'abeille (ABVP), le virus de la cellule noire de reine (BQCV), le virus de la paralysie chronique de l'abeille (CBPV), le virus des ailes déformées (DWV), le virus de l'abeille du Cachemire (KBV) et Le virus du couvain sacciforme (SBV). Les échantillons prélevés dans 18 provinces (78%) étaient positifs pour au moins un virus. Parmi tous les échantillons, 83 échantillons (53,2%) étaient infectés par au moins un virus. Le virus le plus prévalent était le virus BQCV, suivi des virus DWV, SBV, CBPV, ABPV et KBV, respectivement.

Keywords [French]

  • le virus de la paralysie aiguë de l'abeille (ABVP)
  • le virus de la cellule noire de reine (BQCV)
  • le virus de la paralysie chronique de l'abeille (CBPV)
  • le virus des ailes déformées (DWV)
  • le virus de l'abeille du Cachemire (KBV)
  • Le virus du couvain sacciforme (SBV)
  • Transcription inverse - réaction en chaîne de la polymérase (RT-PCR)
  • Iran

References

 Allen, M.F., Ball, B.V., 1995. Characterisation and serological relationships of strains of Kashmir bee virus. Ann Appl Biol 126, 471-484.
Anderson, D., 1991. Kashmir bee virus--a relatively harmless virus of honey bee colonies. Ame Bee J.
Anderson, D.L., 1993. Pathogens and queen bees. Australas. Beekeep.94, 292–296
Bailey, L., Woods, R., 1977. Two more small RNA viruses from honey bees and further observations on sacbrood and acute bee-paralysis viruses. J Gen Virol 37, 175-182.
Berenyi, O., Bakonyi, T., Derakhshifar, I., Koglberger, H., Nowotny, N., 2006. Occurrence of six honeybee viruses in diseased Austrian apiaries. Appl Environ Microbiol 72, 2414-2420.
Calderón, R.A., Sommeijer, M.J., de Ruijter, A., van Veen, J.W., 2003. The reproductive ability of Varroa destructor in worker brood of Africanized and hybrid honey bees in Costa Rica. J Apic Res 42, 65-67.
Chen, Y.P., Pettis, J.S., Collins, A., Feldlaufer, M.F., 2006. Prevalence and Transmission of Honeybee Viruses. Appl Environ Microbiol 72, 606-611.
Chen, Y.P., Siede, R., 2007. Honey Bee Viruses. Advances in Virus Research, Academic Press, pp. 33-80.
de Miranda, J.R., Drebot, M., Tyler, S., Shen, M., Cameron, C.E., Stoltz, D.B., et al., 2004. Complete nucleotide sequence of Kashmir bee virus and comparison with acute bee paralysis virus. J Gen Virol 85, 2263-2270.
Evans, J.D., Hung, A.C., 2000. Molecular phylogenetics and the classification of honey bee viruses. Arch Virol 145, 2015-2026.
Fievet, J., Tentcheva, D., Gauthier, L., de Miranda, J., Cousserans, F., Colin, M.E., et al., 2006. Localization of deformed wing virus infection in queen and drone Apis mellifera L. Virol J 3, 16.
Grabensteiner, E., Ritter, W., Carter, M.J., Davison, S., Pechhacker, H., Kolodziejek, J., et al., 2001. Sacbrood Virus of the Honeybee (Apis mellifera): Rapid Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis Using Reverse Transcription-PCR. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 8, 93-104.
Gülmez, Y., Bursalı, A., Tekin, S., 2009. First molecular detection and characterization of deformed wing virus (DWV) in honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and mite (Varroa destructor) in Turkey. Afr J Biotechnol 8.
Haddad, N., Brake, M., Migdadi, H., de Miranda, J.R., 2008. First detection of honey bee viruses in Jordan by RT-PCR. Jordan J Agric Sci 4, 242-247.
Higes, M., Martin-Hernandez, R., Garrido-Bailon, E., Gonzalez-Porto, A.V., Garcia-Palencia, P., Meana, A., et al., 2009. Honeybee colony collapse due to Nosema ceranae in professional apiaries. Environ Microbiol Rep 1, 110-113.
Nielsen, S.L., Nicolaisen, M., Kryger, P., 2008. Incidence of acute bee paralysis virus, black queen cell virus, chronic
bee paralysis virus, deformed wing virus, Kashmir bee virus and sacbrood virus in honey bees (Apis mellifera) in
Denmark. Apidologie 39, 310-314.
Nordström, S., Fries, I., Aarhus, A., Hansen, H., Korpela, S., 1999. Virus infections in Nordic honey bee colonies with no, low or severe Varroa jacobsoni infestations. Apidologie 30, 475-484.
Paxton, R.J., Klee, J., Korpela, S., Fries, I., 2007. Nosema ceranae has infected Apis mellifera in Europe since at least 1998 and may be more virulent than Nosema apis. Apidologie 38, 558-565.
Tentcheva, D., Gauthier, L., Zappulla, N., Dainat, B., Cousserans, F., Colin, M.E., et al., 2004. Prevalence and seasonal variations of six bee viruses in Apis mellifera L. and Varroa destructor mite populations in France. Appl Environ Microbiol 70, 7185-7191.
Toplak, I., Jamnikar Ciglenecki, U., Aronstein, K., Gregorc, A., 2013. Chronic bee paralysis virus and Nosema ceranae experimental co-infection of winter honey bee workers (Apis mellifera L.). Viruses 5, 2282-2297.
Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 73, Issue 4
December 2018
Pages 311-318

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics