Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
Isolation and Identification of Mycoplasma agalactiae by Culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods in the Sheep Herds in Guilan Province, Iran
219
223
EN
E.
Rahimabadi
Veterinary Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran
rahimabadie@yahoo.com
Y.
Asadpour
Veterinary Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran
yasadpour@yahoo.com
S.A.
Pourbakhsh
Mycoplasma Reference Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
poursaba@yahoo.com
P.
Sayehban
Veterinary Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran
p.sayeban@yahoo.com
10.22092/ari.2017.113298
Contagious agalactia is an infectious syndrome of sheep that is characterized by mastitis with reduction of milk production, arthritis, abortion, and keratoconjunctivitis. The disease is rapidly spread by the contact of the infected animals with the healthy ones. Domestic sheep and goats of both sexes can be infected at an equivalent frequency. Most of the researchers use culture and molecular methods for the isolation and identification of <em>Mycoplasma. Mycoplasma agalactiae </em>is the main cause of the disease in sheep. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify <em>M. agalactiae</em> by using culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in the sheep herds in Guilan province, Iran. A total of 71 specimens were collected from seven sheep herds with clinical signs of agalactia disease. All of the seven sheep herds (100%) were positive either in PPLO agar or <em>Mycoplasma </em>PCR test. Out of the 71 specimens, 50 (70.4%) cases were positive; however, 21 (29.6%) samples were negative. Furthermore, 40 (80%) cases of the positive samples were detected for the presence of <em>Mycoplasma</em> by the PCR method; nonetheless, 34 (68%) samples were positive in culture. Additionally, out of the 40 positive samples in <em>Mycoplasma</em> PCR, 11 (27.5%) samples were detected in <em>M. agalactiae-</em>specific PCR. The samples that were positive for <em>Mycoplasma</em> were mostly detected in the ear/vaginal, milk, and ear swab samples, respectively, by culture and PCR methods. The most positive samples of <em>Mycoplasma</em> /<em> M. agalactiae</em> were obtained from the ear and vaginal samples. Our findings demonstrated that <em>Mycoplasma</em> was one of the main etiological agents of the contagious agalactia in Guilan province. In addition, PCR was found to be more successful than the culture method in the detection of <em>Mycoplasma</em>.
Mycoplasma agalactiae,PCR,Sheep,Guilan
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113298.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113298_2e6fc6b1198249072ccfd1a4eac0055c.pdf
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
Infectious Causes of Bovine Abortion in Qazvin Province, Iran
225
230
EN
A.A.
Kaveh
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
dr.a.kaveh@gmail.com
E.
Merat
Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
ehsanmerat@yahoo.com
S.
Samani
Department of Pathology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
samanilab@yahoo.com
R.
Danandeh
Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
r.d57vet@gmail.com
S.
Soltannezhad
Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
saied.soltannezhad@yahoo.com
10.22092/ari.2017.113299
Abortion in dairy cattle is generally defined as the loss of fetus on days 47-265 of pregnancy and can significantly reduce the income and capital gain of farmers and producers. Therefore, sufficient economical support and preventive measurements are essential for this issue. In this study, genetic materials were extracted from the abomasum rennet, as well as homogenous preparations of brain, kidney, spleen, liver, and lung tissues of 128 aborted fetuses. Afterward, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) tests were performed to identify the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), <em>Neospora caninum</em> parasite, and serovars of<em> Leptospira</em> species. In the PCR test, the samples with 380 bp, 340 bp, and 173 bp bands were considered as positive for serovars of<em> Leptospira</em>, <em>Neospora caninum</em>, and BHV-1, respectively. Moreover, a 290 bp band was regarded to be BVDV in the RT-PCR. According to the findings of the current study, 39 (30.47%) of the samples were infected with <em>Neospora caninum</em>, 26 (20.31%) with BVDV, 17 (13.28%) with BHV-1, and 18 (14.06%) with serovars of<em> Leptospira</em>. In addition, multiple-agent infections were also detected in the samples. As a conclusion, the microorganism <em>Neospora caninum</em> was identified as the most prevalent infectious cause of abortion in the eight agro-industrial and livestock complexes, in Qazvin province, Iran.
Abortion,Bovine herpes virus,Bovine viral diarrhea virus,Leptospira,Neospora caninum,PCR,RT-PCR
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113299.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113299_46809eb7f96aed849a87bb54742a96e4.pdf
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
A Molecular and Serological Study on Visceral Leishmaniasis in Asymptomatic Stray Dogs in Mashhad, Iran
231
235
EN
S.
Sabzavari
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
sadaf.sabzevari@yahoo.com
G.
Razmi
0000-0002-0754-1278
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
razmi@um.ac.ir
A.
Naghibi
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
naghibi@um.ac.ir
J.
Khoshnegah
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
10.22092/ari.2017.113300
Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis is caused by <em>Leishmania infantum</em> (<em>L. infantum)</em>,and its major reservoir hosts are domestic dogs, most of which are asymptomatic. This study aimed to detect <em>L. infantum </em>spp. in asymptomatic stray dogs by molecular and serological methods in Mashhad, Iran, during 2011-12. In this study, 94 asymptomatic stray dogs were randomly selected and their blood samples were collected for indirect fluorescent antibody testing. Furthermore, tissue samples from all the<em> L. infantum</em> seropositive stray dogs were examined using semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Accordding to the results, 11.7 %(11/94) of the dogs were <em>L. infantum</em> seropositive. The PCR positivity rate of <em>L. infantum</em> was 63.6% (7/11) in at least one of the collected specimens of the seropositive dogs. The<em> L. infantum</em> kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) was detected in the liver of 36% (4/11), the spleen of 27% (3/11), and the skin of 54.5 %(6/11) of the stray dogs. In this study, based on the molecular and serological examinations, visceral leishmaniasis infection among the stray dogs in Mashhad was confirmed.
Leishmania Infantum,Stray dogs,Mashhad
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113300.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113300_10dc9f3379f5cc528a3386bac3cd8dd5.pdf
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
Detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae in Small Ruminants of Southeast Iran
237
242
EN
M.
Shamsaddini Bafti
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Kerman, Iran
m.shamsaddini@rvsri.ac.ir
S.A.
Pourbakhsh
Mycoplasma Reference Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
poursaba@yahoo.com
M.
Ezatkhah
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Kerman, Iran
m.ezatkhah@rvsri.ac.ir
A.
Ashtari
Mycoplasma Reference Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
a.ashtari@rvsri.ac.ir
10.22092/ari.2017.113302
Agalactia is an infectious and contagious disease of small ruminants caused by <em>Mycoplasma agalactiae</em> (<em>M. agalactiae</em>). Although different microorganism strains contribute to this disease, <em>M. agalactiae</em> is known as the most prominent causative agent. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the rate of <em>M. agalactiae</em> involvement in contagious agalactia in the southeast region of Iran. Sampling was performed from milk, conjunctiva, ear lesions, and joints exudate of suspicious sheep and goat flocks according to the reports of Iran Veterinary Organization. The presence of Mycoplasma and its species, namely <em>M. agalactiae</em>, was evaluated through microbial culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The detected microorganisms were confirmed to be Mycoplasma and <em>M. agalactiae</em> by the PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and lipoprotein target genes. According to the findings of present study, 14.8% and 36.0% of the samples were diagnosed as positive for Mycoplasma by culture and PCR, respectively. Moreover, the incidence of <em>M. agalactiae</em> was determined as 6.1% using the specific PCR method. Therefore, it is recommended to identify the other species of Mycoplasma in small ruminant samples involved with contagious agalactiae disease.
Agalactia,Mycoplasma agalactiae,PCR,Southeast of Iran
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113302.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113302_a03df1382287148e889d500a9d359837.pdf
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
Isolation of Chlamydia spp. from Ewes and Does in Iran
249
253
EN
H.
Esmaeili
0000-0001-6325-6984
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
hesmaeli@ut.ac.ir
M.
Hamedi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
mhamedi42@ut.ac.ir
S.A.
Madani
Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
10.22092/ari.2017.113297
Enzootic ovine abortion is caused by <em>Chlamydia abortus </em>and may result in abortion among small ruminants during the last 2-3 weeks of pregnancy. Enzootic abortion is diagnosed by isolation of the agent or detection of its nucleic acid in the products of abortion or vaginal excretions of freshly aborted females. Isolation of chlamydial agents in cell culture is the gold standard, so in the present study this method was employed. Twenty-eight vaginal and conjunctival swab samples were selected from ewes and does that had recently aborted. The samples were inoculated to McCoy cells. The inoculated cells were fixed, stained by Giemsa staining, and mounted on slides. Finally, the slides were observed by an optical microscope for the presence chlamydial inclusion bodies. Chlamydia was isolated from four conjunctival and three vaginal samples. All the negative cultures were passaged a further two times. Cell culture was identified as the most convenient method for the isolation of <em>Chlamydia</em> and remains essential to document the viability of the organism. Isolation of <em>Chlamydia</em> in the present study, highlights the importance of paying more attention to the bacterium as one of the main abortifacient pathogens along with other infectious causes of abortion.
Abortion,Cell culture,Chlamydia,Isolation,Small ruminants
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113297.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113297_baa5b952c6b3d80946d81b51d23e70ce.pdf
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
Detection and Isolation of Mycoplasma capricolum Subspecies Capricolum from East Azerbaijan Sheep Flocks
243
248
EN
A.
Jafarizadeh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
a.jafarizade@gmail.com
S.A.
Pourbakhsh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
a.pourbakhsh@rvsri.ir
K.
Tadayon
Mycoplasma Reference Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
k.tadayon@rvsi.ir
M.
Jamshidian
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
m.jamshidian@srbiau.ac.ir
10.22092/ari.2017.113303
<em>Mycoplasma capricolum </em>subspecies <em>capricolum </em>(<em>Mcc</em>) is one of the causative agents of contagious agalactia (CA), which is an important disease in sheep and goats in the Mediterranean and Middle East countries.<em> Mycoplasma agalactiae</em> is the classic agent of CA in sheep and goats. <em>Mycoplasma mycoides</em> subspecies<em> Capri </em>(<em>Mmc</em>), <em>Mycoplasma capricolum</em> subspecies<em> capricolum </em>(<em>Mcc</em>), and <em>Mycoplasma putrefaciens </em>(<em>Mp</em>) produce a clinically similar disease, more often in goats. The aim of the present study was to detect<em> Mcc </em>in sheep flocks in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran. Milk, ear canal, and eye swab samples were collected from 49 sheep flocks with clinical signs of CA or a history of a disease. All the samples were examined using both culture and molecular methods. In the molecular method,positive samples for the <em>Mycoplasma</em> genus were tested for <em>M. mycoides</em> cluster and<em> Mcc</em>. From 272 samples, 67, 87, and 62 samples were shown to be positive using the culture method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and both culture and PCR methods, respectively. <em>Mcc </em>was detected in all the four<em> M. mycoides</em> cluster positive samples, including milk, ear canal, and eye swab samples. This is the first report of <em>Mcc</em> detection from East Azerbaijan. Our results showed that eye, milk, and ear canal samples could be suitable sources for<em> Mcc </em>detection in sheep flocks.
Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capricolum,Sheep,Culture,PCR,East Azerbaijan Province
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113303.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113303_bc7d9f3dcf7238fdd40b8d69fce21912.pdf
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
Clinical, hematologic, and biochemical findings in cattle infected with lumpy skin disease during an outbreak in southwest Iran
255
265
EN
S.M.
Jalali
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
mi.jalali@scu.ac.ir
A.
Rasooli
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
a.rasooli@scu.ac.ir
M.
Seifi Abad Shapuri
second author
masoudrs@scu.ac.ir
M.
Daneshi
DVM graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
dvm.mojtaba@gmail.com
10.22092/ari.2017.113301
This study was performed to determine the clinical, hematologic, and biochemical findings in animals affected with lumpy skin disease (LSD) in southwest Iran. Sixty cattle with LSD were included in this study and compared with 20 healthy ones as the control group. The disease was diagnosed based on clinical examination and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of the blood samples. The major observed clinical signs included skin nodules, fever, enlarged lymph nodes, and edema. In hematologic assessment, the average numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, erythrocytes, and platelets, as well as the average level of hemoglobin in the infected animals were significantly lower than in the control group. Biochemical experiments showed that the serum glucose, total and direct bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine phosphokinase activities in the infected group were significantly elevated. LSD also caused a significant reduction in the levels of serum creatinine, albumin, and iron. In total, LSD was associated with an overall decline in different blood cell types and significant changes in serum biochemical profile. These alterations could be related to the inflammatory disease processes and injuries in various organs, especially the liver. Hematologic and biochemical profiles can be utilized to better understand different aspects of LSD pathogenesis and ultimately improve its prognostic, management, and treatment methods.
Lumpy skin disease,Clinical Signs,Hematology,biochemistry,Iran
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113301.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113301_6c066a03e2c28f2b5c3bc1a7116786e4.pdf
Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute
Archives of Razi Institute
0365-3439
2008-9872
72
4
2017
12
01
Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Bulk Milk of Dairy Cattle, Mashhad, Iran
265
269
EN
Gh.
Razmi
0000-0002-0754-1278
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
razmi@um.ac.ir
M.
Barati
Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
dr.mahdi.barati90@gmail.com
10.22092/ari.2017.113304
<em>Neospora caninum </em>(<em>N. caninum</em>) and <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> (<em>T. gondii</em>) are both obligate intracellular protozoan parasites, which have gained considerable attention because of their role in bovine abortion. This study aimed to detect anti-<em>N. caninum</em> and -<em>T. gondii</em> in bulk milk of dairy cattle, Mashhad, Iran. The bulk milk samples were collected from July 2014 to June 2015 and analyzed for anti-<em>N. caninum</em> and -<em>T.gondii</em> antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Out of 123 bulk milk samples, 44 (35%), 14 (11.38%), and 3 (2.4%) samples had <em>N. caninum</em>, <em>T. gondii</em>, and mixed infection with these two parasites, respectively. According to the results, the prevalence of <em>N. caninum</em> infection was more than <em>T.gondii</em> infection in dairy cattle of Mashhad, Iran.
Bulk milk,Cattle,ELISA,Mashhad,Neospora caninum,Toxoplasma gondii
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113304.html
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_113304_d2fc02f3cd1043d591dc9b143d069172.pdf