ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PCR detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 directed from slaughtered cattle in Shiraz, Iran
Escheric hia coli O157:H7 lives in the intestines of healthy cattle, and can contaminate meat during slaughtering pr actices . Detection of the low infectious dosage of bacterium requires a sensitive method. We developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect the gene Stx2 irrespective of the bacterial serotype. In this study, the detection limit of the PCR protocol in detecting Stx2 in E. coli O157:H7 without prior enrichment was 103 CFU/ml, and with 4 h prior enrichment in modified tryptic soy broth was 102 CFU/ml. During a period of 7 months (December 2004 to June 2005), 154 slaughtered cattle at Shiraz slaughterhouse, were randomly selected and examined for surface carriage of E. coli O157:H7 via detection the Stx2 gene of verotoxigenic E. coli by PCR technique. E. coli O157:H7 was found in 14 of 145 (9.65%) feedlot cattle and in 1 of 9 (11.1%) dairy cull cows. This is the first report of the presence of E. coli O157:H7 in cattle from Iran.
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103720_e57caa2f27fa2fc756a15a02cd2d6812.pdf
2006-01-01
1
6
10.22092/ari.2006.103720
Escherichia coli O157: H7
Stx2
Cattle
PCR
S.S.
Shekarforoush
1
AUTHOR
S.A.
Pourbakhsh
poursaba@yahoo.com
2
AUTHOR
Y.
Tahamtan
3
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Serologic profile of avian leukosis virus subgroup-J, Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae in broiler grandparent flocks of Iran.
Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup-J (ALV-J). Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and MycopJasma synviae (MS) are important pathogens in chickens that cause severe economical losses in poultry industry throughout the world. Seven broiler grandparent flocks of Iran (six broiler strains) were sampled randomly at the ages of 8-63 wk (100 samples from each flock) for antibody detection to ALV-J, MG, and MS by ELISA. One sample C0.9%) of flock F was antibody positive to MG. About me MS. There were 2 (2.1%), 2 (2.1%), 2 (2.1%), 8 (8.7%), 4 (4.3%), 9 (9.8%) and 2 (2.1%) positive samples from those collected from flocks A. B. C D. E, F and G. respectively. However, in all flocks tested, the mean S/P ratio was < 0.5 and rlius all flocks as recommended by the manufacturer were antibody negative to MG and MS. All plasma samples collected from flocks A. B and D were negative for ALV-J antibody. However, there were 2 (2.9%). 39 (51%). 5 (6.6%) positive samples from those collected from flocks C, E, and F., respectively. Only me flock E was antibody positive to ALV-J (according To the manufacturers instructions), because in other flocks the mean S/P ratios were < 0.6. The findings of tills study showed that one of the broiler grandparent flocks in Iran exposed to the ALV-J virus.
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103721_359d972377e481c20d1237c69acbe5be.pdf
2006-01-01
7
12
10.22092/ari.2006.103721
Serology
ALV
J
M.G
M.S
S.M.
Peighambari
1
AUTHOR
Z.
Rajabi
2
AUTHOR
H.
Bozorgmehrifard
3
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preparation and evaluation of chitosan nanoparticles containing Diphtheria toxoid as new carriers for nasal vaccine delivery in mice
The aim of me present work was to investigate rhe potential utility of nanoparticles made of chitosan (CS) and also CS chemically modified with polyethylene glycol (CS-PEG) as new vehicles for improving na^al vaccine delivery. For mis purpose, diphtheria toxoid (DT) was chosen as a model antigen. DT was entrapped within nanoparticles made of CS of different molecular weight, and also made of CS-PEG, by an ionic cross linking technique. DT-loaded nanoparticles were characterized for their size, surface charge, loading efficiency and in vitro release of antigenically active Toxoid. The nanoparticles were then a dmini stored intranasally to conscious mice in order to study their feasibility as vaccine carriers. The resulting nanoparticles had a size. which varied depending on the formulation conditions and on the PEG derivatization. between 100 and 500 nm. They exhibited a positive electrical charge (approx. +40 mV) which was substantially reduced for the PEGgylated CS nanopal tides (approx. -10 mV) and showed and excellent DT loading capacity (loading efficiency between 50-100% depending on the formulation). Tlie results of the in viti'o release studies displayed a biphasic release of antigenically active toxoid. the intensity of the first phase being less pronounced for CS-PEG nanoparticles than for CS nanoparticles. Following intranasal administration, DT-loaded nanoparticles elicited an increasing and enhanced humoral immunogenic response (IgG liters), as compared to the fluid vaccine. Similarly, the mucosal response (IgA levels) achieved at 70 days post-administration was significantly higher for me DT-loaded CS nanoparticles than for the fluid vaccine. Interestingly, this response was not affected by The CS molecular weight but it was positively influenced by the PEGylation of CS. CS and CS-PEG nanoparticles are promising carriers for nasal immunization with DT.
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103722_1ce41d987ee02dfc4c17585df1bc5240.pdf
2006-01-01
13
25
10.22092/ari.2006.103722
Chiiosan
Nanoparticles
Polyethylene glycol. Vaccines
Nasal administration
A.
Rezaei Mokarram
1
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.J.
Alonso
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bovine Pestivirus Infection: a Cause of Ovulatory Disturbance in Dairy Cows
Twelve (Experiment I) and four (Experiment II) multiparous dairy cows seronegative to pestivirus were selected and randomly assigned to either a control group which did not become infected or a treatment group in which all cows became infected following intranasal inoculation 9 days before AI. The experimental induction of infection was carried out with 2 ml of non-cytopathic pestivirus (BVD virus) suspension containing 5 log10 TCID50/ml (Experiment I) and 4.5 log10 TCID50/ml (Experiment II). In both experiments, the cows were superovulated on day 10±2 of the cycle using the standard procedures. The cows in Experiment I were artificially inseminated at 12 and 24 h after the onset of estrus and a non-surgical ova/embryo collection was performed 7 days after AI. In Experiment II, the cows were slaughtered on day 8 after superovulation-induced estrus and the ovaries submitted for gross and histopahological examination including immunohistochemistry. Mean (±SE) number of ovulatory sized follicles on day of AI and corpora lutea palpated on day 7 after AI were significantly (p
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103723_e01c4f6c9f94a5f5178c54f4894295bc.pdf
2006-01-01
22
32
10.22092/ari.2006.103723
pestivirus infection
superovulation
immunohistochemistry
OVARY
dairy cows
H.
Bielefeldt-Ohmann
1
AUTHOR
M.R.
McGown
2
AUTHOR
M.
Kafi
3
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study on the Prevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Rodent’s of Azarshahr district (New Focus), northwest of Iran
To examine the seroprevalence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) among rodents in Azarshahr County, and to assess the possible association of infection among rodents in respect with transmission/prevalence of the disease among children, a survey was conducted during 2003-2004. Azarshahr County is an endemic region for leishmaniasis and this research is the first study in determining the host reservoirs in this county. In this survey, 265 rodents belonging to 7 genera/species were trapped alive. Anti-Leishmanial antibodies were detected through direct agglutination test (DAT), indirect fluorescent antibody tests (IFAT) and microscopic examination. Fourteen (5.3%) animals were shown to be seropositive, 27 (10.2%) provided relatively lower titers, and 224 (84.5%) turned out to be seronegative. Amastigotes of Leishmania were observed in 4 seropositive rodents including 1 Meriones persicus, 2 Cricetalus migratorius and 1 Mesocicetus auratus after dissection and parasitological examinations. Multiple analyses of PCR were used to reassure the identity of purified isolates and infected clinical samples. According to the results of this study, the isolates were identified as Leishmania infantum and those infected rodents are assumed to be potential host reserviors for visceral leishmaniasis in the region. This work is the first report of detecting L. infantum infection in Cricetalus migratorius, Meriones persicus and Mesocricetus auratus from Azarshahr of Iran.
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103724_e3cb619c47c2461d38d1a99c952e9e28.pdf
2006-01-01
33
40
10.22092/ari.2006.103724
Leishmaniasis
Kala azar
Epidemiology
host reservior
PCR
E.
Fallah
1
AUTHOR
M.
Farshchian
2
AUTHOR
A.
Mazlomi
3
AUTHOR
J.
Madjidi
4
AUTHOR
A.
Kousha
5
AUTHOR
A.
Mardi
6
AUTHOR
N.
Mahdipoor Zareh
7
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Inhibitory effects of Clindamycin on shedding of Toxoplasma gondii oocyst and its comparison with Monensin in kitten
The efficacy of Clindamycin and Monensin were evaluated in the prevention of oocyst shedding of kittens with Toxoplasma gondii (Tehran strain). In this study, 28 healthy kittens aged 1.5 – 2 months old divided randomly into 4 groups of seven. In group 1, Kittens were fed with the infected brain tissues of mice, all of seven kittens (100 %), shed oocyst, nearly 1 week after infection, which lasted for 8 to 9 days. In group 2, kittens were fed with infected brain tissues of mice and Clindamycin at dose of 20 mg/kg from day -3 to + 21 after infections, none of seven kittens, shed any oocyst. In group 3, kittens were fed with Clindamycin at dose of 10 mg/kg, same as group 2, two of 7 kittens (28/6%), began to shed oocyst from day 11 to 18 after infection. Kittens of group 4 that were fed with Monensin at dose of 0.02 % incorporated in dry food did not shed any oocyst. Data analysis revealed that Clindamycin 20mg/kg and Monensin 0.02% had a 100% inhibitory effect against Toxoplasma gondii (Tehran strain). No adverse reactions were observed during the experimental period.
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103725_25ff0b95e6b8acd2a60f970f6a6ced5d.pdf
2006-01-01
41
47
10.22092/ari.2006.103725
Clindamycin
monensin
Toxoplasma gondii
Oocyst shedding
kitten
Tehran strain
M.
Tabatabayi
1
AUTHOR
B.
Mosallanejad
2
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Mohebali
3
AUTHOR
A.
Malmasi
4
AUTHOR
A.
Bahonar
5
AUTHOR
F.
Sasani
6
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Immune Response of Chicken to an Experimental Sonicated Coccidia Oocyst Vaccine
Humoral immune response of vaccine-I (supermatent from sonicated sporulated oocyst), vaccine –II (sediment from sonicated sporulated oocyst) and vaccine –III (un-sonicated sporulated oocyst) against conccidiosis in chickens was determined by indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test. IHA antibody titre was significantly higher (p
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103726_5c3490354fd0fe6b0eb82b140a185748.pdf
2006-01-01
48
53
10.22092/ari.2006.103726
Immunity
Coccidosis
Sonicated Vaccine
A.M.
Bahrami
1
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Bahrami
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nematode Association with Bellamya bengalensis Snail and Its Medical and Veterinary Importance in Khouzestan Province (South West of Iran)
Limited studies have been done on nematodes of Bellamya bengalensis (fresh water snails) in the world. Following, our clinical observations on eye disease in a fish ponds, which were contained Bellamaya bengallensis snails, present study was made to determine of nematodes fauna of Bellamya bengalensis and evaluation of their medical and veterinary importance in Khouzestan province. For this purpose, 1143 Bellamya snails were collected from Ahoudasht and Chogha Mish regions, including fish pond in the central areas of Khouzestan province during 2002-2003. Bellamya snails examined for nematodes with emerging or crushing methods and identified by systematic key references. In addition, to confirm of clinical observations in the field, an experimental infection protocol was designed in our laboratory. From the total of Bellamya snails which examined for nematodes, 27(2.36%) snails were found to be infected with Oionchus nematode parasite. In the experimental infection, cloudy appearance of cornea was observed. These results have been recorded for the first time and show the importance of Bellamaya snails in the region
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103727_e46130938656dcb067aec70609f668a5.pdf
2006-01-01
54
58
10.22092/ari.2006.103727
H.
Ghobadi
1
AUTHOR
I.
Mobedi
2
AUTHOR
A.
Farahnak
3
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Sheep
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_103728_e3024a4e5adc58b153daac977219175c.pdf
2006-01-01
59
61
10.22092/ari.2006.103728
M.H.
Hablolvarid
1
AUTHOR
M.R.
Gholami
2
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Ezzi
3
AUTHOR