Improvement of the Selectivity Index (SI) and Cytotoxicity Activity of Doxorubicin Drug by Panax ginseng Plant Extract

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Iraq

Abstract

In China, Japan, and Korea, Panax ginseng has been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years. Panax is a plant used as a general tonic or adaptogen for chronically ill patients. The current study evaluated the cytotoxicity of Panax ginseng extract (PGE). Different cell lines (HCT-116, LNCaP, and normal cell line VERO) were treated with different inhibitory agentsat different concentrations (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.25 µg/ml) as follows: G1 (Methanol Panax ginseng extract, PGE), G2 (Doxorubicin, DOX), and G3 (Methanol Panax ginseng extract +DOX, PDD). Each inhibitory agent group was used to treat the cancerous cell lines HCT-116, LNCaP, and normal cell line (VERO) to obtain IC50% by MTT assay. The inhibitory ability of the 1000 μg/ml PGE was significantly increased in all the three-cell lines compared with other concentrations. The recorded data revealed that the inhibition ability of PGE and Doxorubicin towards the HCT-116 cell line significantly increased compared with the other cell lines. The interaction between different PGE concentrations and cell lines showed that the 1000 μg/ml PEG had the highest inhibitory effects on HCT-116 compared with other combinations. The interaction between different DOX concentrations and different types of cell lines showed that the 1000 μg/ml DOX had the highest inhibitory effects on LNCap compared with other combinations. The PGD inhibition ability reflected a significantly higher difference toward the HCT-116 cell line as compared with other cell lines. IC50% is the concentrations (µg/ml) to kill 50% of cell line. It was calculated by MTT assay for three cell lines: HCT-116, LNCaP, and VERO. The rate of effectiveness of the inhibitory factors (PGE, DOX, and PGD) showed highly significant differences toward the cell line HCT-116 compared to the other cell lines. This indicates the safety of the PGE compound and its low toxicity toward normal cells, quite the opposite of cancer cells as compared to the common drug DOX and combined PGD (PGE+DOX). PGD combined with DOX (PGE + DOX) showed antagonistic results toward the HCT116, LNCaP, and VERO cell lines, while UDE combined with DOX (UDE+DOX) showed synergistic activity.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [French]

Amélioration de l'Indice de Sélectivité (IS) et de l'Activité de Cytotoxicité du Médicament Doxorubicine par l'extrait de Plante Panax ginseng

Abstract [French]

En Chine, au Japon et en Corée, le Panax ginseng est utilisé en médecine traditionnelle depuis des milliers d'années. Panax est une plante utilisée comme tonique général ou adaptogène pour les patients atteints de maladies chroniques. La présente étude a évalué la cytotoxicité de l'extrait de Panax ginseng (EPG). Différentes lignées cellulaires (HCT-116, LNCaP et lignée cellulaire normale VERO) ont été traitées avec différents agents inhibiteurs à différentes concentrations (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5 et 31.25 µg/ml) comme suit: G1 (Extrait méthanol Panax ginseng, EPG), G2 (Doxorubicine, DOX) et G3 (Extrait méthanol Panax ginseng +DOX, PDD). Chaque groupe d'agents inhibiteurs a été utilisé pour traiter les lignées cellulaires cancéreuses HCT-116, LNCaP et la lignée cellulaire normale (VERO) pour obtenir une CI50% par dosage MTT. La capacité inhibitrice de l'EPG à 1000 g/ml a été significativement augmentée dans toutes les lignées à trois cellules par rapport aux autres concentrations. Les données enregistrées ont révélé que la capacité d'inhibition de l'EPG et de la doxorubicine envers la lignée cellulaire HCT-116 a considérablement augmenté par rapport aux autres lignées cellulaires. L'interaction entre différentes concentrations de l'EPG et des lignées cellulaires a montré que le PEG à 1000 ug/ml avait les effets inhibiteurs les plus élevés sur HCT-116 par rapport à d'autres combinaisons. L'interaction entre différentes concentrations de DOX et différents types de lignées cellulaires a montré que la DOX à 1000 g/ml avait les effets inhibiteurs les plus élevés sur LNCap par rapport à d'autres combinaisons. La capacité d'inhibition du PGD reflétait une différence significativement plus élevée envers la lignée cellulaire HCT-116 par rapport aux autres lignées cellulaires. IC50% est la concentration (µg/ml) pour tuer 50% de la lignée cellulaire. Il a été calculé par dosage MTT pour trois lignées cellulaires: HCT-116, LNCaP et VERO. Le taux d'efficacité des facteurs inhibiteurs (EPG, DOX et PGD) a montré des différences très significatives envers la lignée cellulaire HCT-116 par rapport aux autres lignées cellulaires. Cela indique la sécurité du composé EPG et sa faible toxicité envers les cellules normales, tout à fait le contraire des cellules cancéreuses par rapport au médicament commun DOX et au PGD combiné (EPG + DOX). Le PGD combiné à la DOX (EPG + DOX) a montré des résultats antagonistes envers les lignées cellulaires HCT116, LNCaP et VERO, tandis que l'UDE combiné à la DOX (UDE + DOX) a montré une activité synergique.

Keywords [French]

  • Panax ginseng
  • HCT-116
  • LNCap
  • Vero
  • Doxorubicine
  • indice d'interaction
  • indice de sélectivité

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Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 76, Issue 3
September 2021
Pages 659-666

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