Molecular Detection of Gamma Coronaviruses in Bird Parks of Iran

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of clinical sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

4 Department of Poultry Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

5 Department of Poultry Diseases, Islamic Azad University, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

6 Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Gamma Coronaviruses (GCoVs) are distributed worldwide, affecting a wide range of bird species, the beluga whale, and bottlenose dolphins. Because of the limited proofreading capability in the viral encoded polymerase, they emerge genetically diverse. There has been no molecular surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of GCOVs in avian species. The present study was conducted to detect GCOVs in Tehran birds’ parks, 2015. Cloacal swabs (267 samples) from eight  different bird species ((Chickens (Gallus gallus), Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), Partridge (Perdix perdix), Quail (Coturnix coturnix), Duck (Anas platyrhynchos), Goose (Anserini),and  Guinea fowl (Numididae)) were collected, the viral RNA was extracted, the RT-PCR was performed using QIAGEN one step RT-PCR kit and the primers targeting “3'-UTR” and “Nucleocapsid” genes. The detection rate was approximately 8.99%. GCOVs were detected in the chicken, quail, pheasant, turkey, and the partridge with different prevalence rates. Phylogenetic tree based on partial nucleotide sequences of the N gene clustered the samples into two groups. It is the first report of GCOVs in non-commercial birds in Iran.  According to our results, GCOVs are circulating in different avian species, and further studies are needed to isolate these viruses and evaluate their pathogenesis.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [French]

Détection moléculaire du coronavirus gamma dans les parcs ornithologiques d'Iran

Abstract [French]

Les coronavirus gamma (GCoV) sont répandus dans le monde entier et touchent un large éventail d'espèces d'oiseaux, ainsi que le béluga et le grand dauphin. Les polymérases codées par des virus sont génétiquement diverses en raison d’une capacité de relecture limitée. Il n'y a pas de données de surveillance moléculaire pour décrire l'épidémiologie des GCoV chez les espèces aviaires. La présente étude visait à détecter les GCoVs dans les parcs ornithologiques de Téhéran, en Iran, en 2015. Initialement, des écouvillons cloacaux (267 échantillons) ont été collectés chez huit espèces d'oiseaux, à savoir le poulet (Gallus gallus), le faisan (Phasianus colchicus), la dinde (Meleagris gallopavo), la perdrix (Perdix perdix), la caille (Coturnix coturnix), le canard (Anas platyrhynchos), d’oie (Anserini) et de pintade (Numididae). Ensuite, l'ARN viral a été extrait et la réaction en chaîne de la polymérase par transcription inverse (RT-PCR) a été réalisée à l'aide d’un kit QIAGEN de RT-PCR en une étape et des amorces ciblant les 3 gènes de la région non traduite (UTR) et de la nucléocapside (N). Selon nos résultats, le taux de détection a été estimé à 8,99% et des GCoVs ont été trouvés chez les poulets, les cailles, les faisans, les dindes et les perdrix avec des taux de prévalence différents. L'arbre phylogénétique établi à partir des séquences de nucléotides partielles du gène N a divisé les échantillons en deux groupes. Aucune étude n'a été réalisée sur les GCoVs chez des oiseaux non commerciaux en Iran. Ces résultats montrent que les GCoVs sont prévalents parmi différentes espèces d'oiseaux. Cependant, des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour isoler ces virus et évaluer leur pathogenèse.

Keywords [French]

  • Coronavirus gamma
  • Détection Moléculaire
  • Parc ornithologique
  • Iran
  • Analyse phylogénétique

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Archives of Razi Institute
Volume 74, Issue 4
December 2019
Pages 349-355

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