2024-03-29T00:36:21Z
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11430
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
A reverse transcriptase-loop mediated isothermal amplification assay (RT-LAMP) for rapid detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2
Amir
Tajbakhsh
Elham
Rezatofighi
Khalil
Mirzadeh
Mahdi
Pourmahdi
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pathogen that infects cattle, and is globally important. It causes substantial financial losses to the livestock industry. In the current study, a one-step reverse transcriptase-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was set up for rapid and efficient detection of BVDV. For this purpose, four primers were designed to recognize six distinct regions on the target RNA based on a highly conserved sequence in the 5΄ UTR of the BVDV genome. Eighty blood specimens were collected from bovines suspected to suffer from BVDV infection, and were tested in parallel by RT-LAMP and RT-PCR. Twenty four of these samples were positive by RT-LAMP, while twenty were positive by RT-PCR. The RT-LAMP detection limit was estimated to be approximately 70PFU /mL of virus. Comparison of RT-PCR with RT-LAMP in this study revealed the recent developed RT-LAMP a highly sensitive and specific for BVD virus detection in the clinical samples.
Bovine viral diarrhea
Reverse Transcriptase-Loop mediated isothermal amplification assay
Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction
2017
07
01
73
81
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109836_1f4214fcfc32304b8e5b02f7d8dec67d.pdf
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
Prevalence of adhesion Virulence factor genes, antibiogram, and pathogenicity of avian Pasteurella multocida isolate from Iran
Sepideh
Haghnazari
Ahmad Reza
Jabbari
Keyvan
Tadayon
Pasteurella multocida possesses various virulence factors, including capsule, lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, toxins, outer membrane proteins, and adhesions. Adhesins have a crucial role in mediating colonization and invasion of the host. The aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of adhesion factor genes and resistance/sensitivity patterns among the avian P. multocida isolates from Iran. A total of 30 isolates of P. multocida were used for this study. All isolates were obtained from the poultry cases dead from fowl cholera in the northern parts of Iran. The results of the polymerase chain reaction analysis for the frequency of virulence-associated genes showed that the genes encoding adhesins (i.e., ptfA, fimA, hsf-1, pfhA, and ompH) were found in all (100%) of the isolates. However, the frequency of two genes including tadD and toxA were 50% and 70%, respectively. Thegenotyping patterns were classified into four groups according to the virulence factors in P. multocida isolates. Genotype pattern I, which included the isolates harbouring all of the examined virulence factor genes showed the highest frequency (43.3%). Pathogenicity test showed that all of the isolates classified as genotype I were pathogen or highly pathogen in the mice model. The sensitivity of the isolates to penicillin, ampicillin, lincospectin, florfenicol, tylosin, and tiamulin was 100%. However, the sensitivity rates to flumequin, enrofloxacine, and nalidixicacid were 96.6% and 80%, respectively. The findings of the current study will be helpful to elucidate the disease process and develop an efficient multivalent local vaccine.
Pasteurella multocida
adhesion factors
antibiogram
pathogenicity
fowl cholera
2017
07
01
83
91
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109843_baab56bfaa009795f740ecba90cd7f16.pdf
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
Isolation, Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Cattle and Buffalo from Ahwaz, Iran
Darioush
Gharibi
Mohammad Rahim
Haji Hajikolae
Masoud
Ghorbanpoor
Seyyedeh kolsum
Barzegar
Pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen and the common inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract of domesticated and wild animal species. It is a causative agent of numerous economically important diseases worldwide, such as enzootic bronchopneumonia in ruminants and haemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffalo. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of P. multocida carriers, PCR-serogrouping and antibiotic susceptibility status of isolates detected in cattle and buffalo in Ahvaz, Iran. Nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs were collected from 227 cattle and 174 buffaloes. The swabs were streaked on MacConkey and sheep blood agar and incubated for 24-48 h at 37 °C. The presumptive P. multocida colonies were identified based on standard biochemical testing and further confirmed by PCR. A multiplex PCR was used to determine the five pathogen serogroups (i.e., A, B, D, E, and F). Antimicrobial susceptibility of P. multocida isolates was determined using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood. Out of 401 tested samples, P. multocida was recovered from 10/227 (4.4%) and 12/174 (6.89%) cattle and buffaloes, respectively. Fifteen isolates (68.19%) belonged to serogroup A, 5 (22.72%) to serogroup D, and 2 (9.09%) isolates were untypeable. No isolate belonged to B, E, and F serogroups. All P. multocida isolates were sensitive to nitrofurantoin, florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, oxytetracycline, and ceftriaxone. The most common finding was resistance to tylosin (90.9%), followed by resistance to oxacillin (54.54%).
Paseurella multocida
Buffalo
Cattle
capsular serogroup
antibiotic sensitivity
2017
07
01
93
100
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109838_b3c8c0b9622de77f5672d549046ad606.pdf
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
The Phenotypic variation of Candida albicans and susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole
L.
Nemati shirzi
Candida albicans is the most frequent opportunistic fungal agent in human being. One of its virulence factors is phenotypic switching. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of different phenotypes of C. albicans, obtained from clinical specimens, to fluconazole (FLZ) and voriconazole (VRZ) with microdilution reference method. In this study, 281 C. albicans of six different phenotypes including 66.19% smooth, 11.38% stipple, 8.89% fuzzy, 6.40% star, 4.27% irregular and 2.84% ring form were collected. Among these specimens, 75.80% and 88.61% of the phenotypes were susceptible (s), 13.52% and 5.96% were susceptible, but dose dependent and finally 10.67% and 1.77% were resistant (r) to FLZ and VRZ, respectively. Most of (s) samples were smooth form and most (r) forms were stipple. The mean minimum inhibitory concentration of FLZ was higher than VRZ. In general, two antifungal medicines were effective on different phenotypes of C. albicans. Samples of (s) group had a significant difference with (r) group (p<0.05). The raising prevalence of candidiasis and more probability of susceptibility pattern in C. albicans phenotypes are the reasons to use the susceptibility tests on the antifungal drugs in clinical laboratory.
Candida albicans
phenotypic switching
Fluconazole
voriconazole
microdilution
2017
07
01
101
105
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109837_3b0eb73da67bf836b34484ff23a83dd4.pdf
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
A comparison between serological and molecular tests in diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection among stray cats in Ahvaz, southwestern Iran
Bahman
Mosallanejad
Hossein
Hamidinejat
Masoud Reza
Seifiabad Shapouri
Fatemeh
Rezaei Ghaleh
Toxoplasma gondii infects all species of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and domestic cats and other felidae are its definitive hosts. The aim of the present survey was to compare serological and molecular tests in accurate diagnosis of T. gondii infection among stray cats in Ahvaz, Iran. A total of 100 cats were examined for the detection of serum antibodies against T. gondii (chronic phase) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and modified agglutination test (MAT) and for the presence of antigen in the blood (active phase) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The studied cats were divided into seven age groups. According to the obtained results from ELISA, MAT, and PCR, the prevalence rates of T. gondii infection were 30%, 39%, and 8%, respectively. Kappa test showed that there was a good agreement between ELISA and MAT results (0.80), but it was obtained 0.24 for MAT and PCR and 0.34 for ELISA and PCR, indicating a fair agreement between them. The seroprevalence of this parasite was 53.33% and 48.71% in male cats and 46.66% and 51.28% in females based on ELISA and MAT, respectively. Gender did not significantly affect the prevalence of this infection (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference between age groups, with the highest rate belonging to cats aged less than three years (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the serologic tests such as ELISA and MAT have a good agreement in diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Our findings showed that a considerable percentage of the cats were infected with chronic form of toxoplasmosis.
Toxoplasma gondii
ELISA
MAT
PCR
Cat
2017
07
01
107
114
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109841_9d3eeb9077900c408d7be88c64972034.pdf
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
Prognosis of Hepatic Amyloidosis Status and Insufficiency in Snake Antivenom Producing Horses
Mohammad Hassan
Hablolvarid
Mohammad
Eslampanah
Abolfazl
Akbari
Hyperimmunization of horses with specific antigens to harvest antisera is associated with high incidence of liver amyloidosis. The histopathologic examination is the gold standard method for diagnosis of the hepatic amyloidosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the clinical manifestations and serum values of appropriate chemical constituents due to liver injury, provide the prognostic criteria for liver amyloidosis and insufficiency. it was endeavored to determine the usage duration and survival in the horses, applied for polyvalent snake antivenom products. Thirty-seven Iranian, mixed breed male horses used for snake antivenom production were recruited in this study. All of the clinical characteristics of liver disease were assessed and the appropriate serum biochemical parameters were screened between two hyperimmunization stages. The results revealed that weakness, progressive weight-loss and chronic diarrhea were the warning signs for end of the period of using a horse in snake antivenom production. However, moderate to severe colic, often, was the sign of imminent death due to acute hepatic swelling and rupture. However, Serum biochemical findings were not suitable and useful for the assessment of outcome compared with the clinical manifestations. In this study, the authors have attempted to introduce the clinical and serum biochemical findings that are useful for prediction of the liver amyloidosis and insufficiency and, to determine the usage duration and survival in these horses. Consequently, a preliminary scoring guideline for assessing the issue was suggested.
biochemical parameters
Clinical Signs
Hepatic amyloidosis
horse
Hyperimmunization
2017
07
01
115
124
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109839_26f9578c7de018e1246ca040b456f048.pdf
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
First report of Gallibacterium isolation from layer chickens in Iran
Saeed
Ataei
A. Miki
Bojesen
Fatemeh
Amininajafi
Mohammad Mehdi
Ranjbar
Mansoor
Banani
Mohamad
Afkhamnia
Alireza
Abtin
Hosein
Goodarzi
Gallibacterium, a gram-negative coccobacillus, is a genus of the Pasteurellaceae family with capability of infecting a wide range of avian host species. In 2003, Gallibacterium was selected instead of different previous names. Four different species has been recognized in Gallibacterium genus so far. Members of the genus can cause a wide range of pathological lesions, from upper respiratory tract lesions, follicle degeneration, enteritis, pericarditis, hepatitis, oophoritis, septicemia to more important problems such as salpingitis and peritonitis. Salpingitis and peritonitis of layer farms caused by Gallibacterium result in decreased egg-production and increased mortality. Gallibacterium is the most common single bacterial infection in egg-laying farms with reproductive disorders. During a microbiological survey on bacterial infectious agents of reproductive tract of layers, some isolates from salpingitis cases were suspicious of Gallibacterium. According to culture and biochemical properties, the primary identification was in support of genus Gallibacterium. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test using primers specific for the genus identification was carried out. The suspected isolate showed bands of 970 and 1080 bp, which are specific for Gallibcterium. To confirm the identification, a positive sample was sent to University of Copenhagen for repeating the PCR test. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation and identification of Gallibacterium in Iran. This study shows the possibility of a role for Gallibacterium in poultry industry of Iran. This study also shows the need for further investigations on epidemiological situation of the infection, as well as the isolation and identification of different species of the genus Gallibacterium.
Gallibacterium
Salpinigitis
Chicken
Isolation
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
2017
07
01
125
130
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109842_4b356a437f33825adb2e600f971eae1d.pdf
Archives of Razi Institute
ARIJ
0365-3439
0365-3439
2017
72
2
Identification and isolation of immunodominant proteins of Naja naja (Oxiana) snake venom
M.
Talebi Mehrdar
Reza
Hajihosseini
Rasool
Madani
Snake venom is a complex mixture of proteins, peptides, enzymes, carbohydrates, and minerals. They contain a variety of chemicals with pharmacological and toxicological properties. The innate immune system is the first line of defense against toxins and microbes. Antibacterial and anticancer proteins produced by snake venom have recently attracted significant attention due to their relevance to bacterial diseases and the potential of being converted into new therapeutic agents. However, the production of anti-snake venom from large mammals is proven to be low-yielding and arduous. The aim of the present study was to investigate and isolate immunodominant proteins of Naja oxiana snake venom. Identification was performed by 15% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot analysis. Subsequently, four sharp protein bonds of 14, 22, 32, 65 kDa were appeared in nitrocellulose paper. In the next step, the identified proteins were isolated directly by electro-elution from preparative gel electrophoresis. Results showed that immunodominant proteins of (14, 22, 32, and 65 kDa) with high immunogenicity had high immunoreactivity with antiserum. To the best our knowledge, these proteins can be candidates for preparing a specific anti-venom against Naja oxiana and antimicrobial immunodominant proteins, as well as designing antimicrobial peptides.
Naja Naja
Immunodominant protein
Antivenom
Electro-elution
2017
07
01
131
137
https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_109840_9637504bd352cea083dfbbf23c54f5b0.pdf